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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8D)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Toronto
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 25.4 %
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	5,521,235	5,178,280	70,455	46,840
0 to 4 years	318,985	288,885	2,835	665
5 to 9 years	319,320	311,630	2,995	2,965
10 to 14 years	336,785	326,185	2,915	6,750
15 to 19 years	369,500	359,015	3,225	6,025
20 to 24 years	377,885	367,980	3,425	3,855
25 to 29 years	388,845	376,460	4,680	3,130
30 to 34 years	384,455	370,410	5,985	3,030
35 to 39 years	402,335	385,840	6,535	3,430
40 to 44 years	434,475	414,750	6,155	3,380
45 to 49 years	462,980	437,755	6,980	3,170
50 to 54 years	419,345	394,855	5,805	2,540
55 to 59 years	345,485	319,730	4,980	2,325
60 to 64 years	294,785	268,965	4,475	1,425
65 to 69 years	209,130	183,945	3,355	1,225
70 to 74 years	164,750	138,915	2,245	1,110
75 to 79 years	130,715	105,425	1,690	770
80 to 84 years	93,685	74,760	1,315	575
85 years and over	67,770	52,780	850	470
Median age^{Footnote 3}	38.3	37.5	42.0	30.0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^{Footnote 4}	4,546,140	4,251,580	61,710	36,460
Married or living with a common-law partner	2,586,965	2,402,155	36,370	18,955
Married (and not separated)	2,341,945	2,167,520	29,635	17,975
Living common law	245,025	234,640	6,735	985
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,959,175	1,849,425	25,335	17,505
Single (never legally married)	1,388,210	1,347,085	16,380	14,320
Separated	121,920	113,700	1,980	590
Divorced	240,575	224,745	3,975	1,490
Widowed	208,475	163,895	2,995	1,100
Total population in private households by mother tongue	5,521,235	5,178,280	70,450	46,840
Single responses	5,366,780	5,029,415	66,320	45,380
English	2,958,125	2,958,020	105	0
French	64,765	3,445	61,320	0
Non-official languages	2,343,890	2,067,955	4,895	45,380
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 5}	350	350	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	110	110	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	25	0	0
Ojibway	190	190	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 6}	2,045,830	1,792,965	3,460	39,370
Arabic	64,875	57,130	745	3,460
Bengali	31,225	29,450	25	570
Cantonese	172,115	132,675	55	2,115
Chinese, n.o.s.	150,810	120,595	80	1,630
Creoles	4,355	2,535	660	1,055
Dutch	10,605	10,375	30	190
German	34,055	33,365	65	490
Greek	45,025	42,050	0	415
Gujarati	58,625	52,660	50	605
Hindi	41,600	39,795	35	440
Hungarian	20,765	18,020	0	465
Italian	166,450	149,970	315	1,155
Korean	51,480	44,755	45	615
Mandarin	102,395	80,870	30	1,130
Panjabi (Punjabi)	155,275	131,830	60	2,220
Persian (Farsi)	82,205	73,325	120	2,485
Polish	75,900	69,810	80	1,870
Portuguese	104,805	89,520	270	1,670
Romanian	23,645	18,935	130	3,245
Russian	77,880	68,605	75	2,810
Serbian	20,535	18,500	15	1,025
Spanish	118,065	104,980	265	4,220
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,975	135,205	55	345
Tamil	114,870	103,515	50	2,030
Ukrainian	25,610	23,680	0	655
Urdu	106,505	99,925	100	1,380
Vietnamese	49,175	40,910	90	1,070
Other languages^{Footnote 7}	297,710	274,635	1,440	6,010
Multiple responses	154,455	148,870	4,130	1,460
English and French	4,200	2,930	265	1,005
English and non-official language	143,980	143,865	110	0
French and non-official language	5,050	1,335	3,710	0
English, French and non-official language	1,225	735	40	455
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 8}	5,521,235	5,178,280	70,455	46,840
English only	4,856,160	4,856,160	0	0
French only	4,545	0	4,545	0
English and French	429,635	317,060	65,770	46,815
Neither English nor French	230,895	5,065	140	25
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	5,521,235	5,178,280	70,450	46,840
Single responses	5,200,660	4,864,105	66,165	44,725
English	3,729,485	3,692,885	36,600	0
French	28,830	2,220	26,615	0
Non-official languages	1,442,345	1,169,005	2,955	44,725
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 9}	50	50	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	20	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 10}	1,296,580	1,043,085	2,400	39,075
Arabic	38,050	30,585	615	3,225
Bengali	22,965	21,165	20	590
Cantonese	139,380	96,900	20	2,265
Chinese, n.o.s.	107,190	78,805	40	1,505
Creoles	2,060	585	285	1,075
Dutch	895	700	0	180
German	4,320	3,770	30	400
Greek	19,990	17,030	0	420
Gujarati	38,240	32,350	0	605
Hindi	23,345	21,420	0	500
Hungarian	9,375	6,680	0	435
Italian	62,560	46,220	220	1,160
Korean	38,835	32,105	25	625
Mandarin	86,085	63,790	20	1,195
Panjabi (Punjabi)	117,540	94,475	20	2,110
Persian (Farsi)	59,195	50,165	90	2,505
Polish	41,330	35,345	35	1,840
Portuguese	52,665	37,465	200	1,645
Romanian	13,245	8,550	115	3,240
Russian	57,635	48,065	50	2,840
Serbian	12,920	10,885	0	1,035
Spanish	72,310	59,135	270	4,245
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	67,770	65,985	35	340
Tamil	89,355	78,085	0	1,990
Ukrainian	11,925	10,145	0	625
Urdu	71,940	65,120	100	1,440
Vietnamese	35,450	27,570	120	1,045
Other languages^{Footnote 11}	145,705	125,865	555	5,650
Multiple responses	320,575	314,175	4,285	2,115
English and French	4,050	1,090	1,660	1,295
English and non-official language	313,125	312,105	1,025	0
French and non-official language	1,970	555	1,420	0
English, French and non-official language	1,425	425	180	820
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	5,521,230	5,178,285	70,450	46,840
None	4,209,295	3,949,435	32,995	18,080
English	599,840	553,335	14,795	23,655
French	46,770	29,200	16,510	945
Non-official language	643,855	629,570	4,395	1,315
Aboriginal	470	470	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	643,380	629,095	4,395	1,315
English and French	3,320	675	210	2,415
English and non-official language	10,805	9,515	865	315
French and non-official language	7,205	6,515	680	0
English, French and non-official language	140	35	0	100
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 12}	2,794,760	2,501,110	21,905	46,085
Aboriginal languages	1,365	1,355	0	0
Algonquin	25	20	0	0
Atikamekw	70	70	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^{Footnote 13}	410	405	0	0
Mi'kmaq	55	55	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	475	475	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	25	25	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	20	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 14}	325	325	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,793,595	2,499,955	21,895	46,085
Italian	236,880	217,015	2,355	2,330
Portuguese	128,705	112,610	830	1,865
Romanian	26,870	21,845	200	3,430
Spanish	186,120	166,180	5,170	5,765
Dutch	13,425	13,040	125	240
Flemish	395	325	45	20
German	62,840	59,920	1,305	1,380
Yiddish	7,530	7,375	40	0
Danish	2,415	2,350	25	25
Norwegian	985	950	0	35
Swedish	2,525	2,460	25	35
Afrikaans	4,665	4,590	35	45
Gaelic languages	1,595	1,590	0	0
Bosnian	3,385	3,055	0	75
Bulgarian	7,625	6,860	30	360
Croatian	23,785	22,850	25	350
Czech	6,565	6,315	15	110
Macedonian	16,745	15,885	55	210
Polish	87,790	81,180	220	2,070
Russian	102,805	91,355	280	3,550
Serbian	24,910	22,715	60	1,075
Serbo-Croatian	3,170	2,965	0	80
Slovak	5,230	5,055	0	30
Slovenian	5,000	4,935	0	45
Ukrainian	37,440	34,590	70	915
Latvian	3,285	3,085	0	160
Lithuanian	4,150	3,975	0	60
Greek	62,340	58,945	325	485
Armenian	12,910	11,045	180	940
Albanian	13,435	12,035	105	415
Estonian	3,475	3,350	0	95
Finnish	3,255	3,160	0	45
Hungarian	23,945	21,045	40	560
Turkish	17,560	15,570	100	480
Berber languages (Kabyle)	75	50	25	0
Oromo	1,475	1,370	65	0
Somali	17,105	16,070	165	275
Amharic	9,355	8,975	30	135
Arabic	91,875	80,180	3,180	4,160
Hebrew	36,660	35,000	540	575
Maltese	4,920	4,870	0	15
Tigrigna	4,210	3,995	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	11,625	10,180	0	80
Bengali	36,890	35,055	75	580
Gujarati	75,175	68,780	210	680
Hindi	171,095	162,725	545	1,720
Konkani	4,335	4,315	0	0
Marathi	5,855	5,690	0	85
Panjabi (Punjabi)	209,335	184,615	110	2,585
Sindhi	7,655	7,200	20	110
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	14,120	13,735	0	110
Urdu	151,800	143,630	270	1,660
Nepali	3,745	3,570	0	35
Kurdish	2,890	2,585	0	30
Pashto	7,725	6,785	30	170
Persian (Farsi)	94,710	84,965	270	2,745
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,640	3,290	45	110
Kannada	2,560	2,505	0	25
Malayalam	11,740	11,375	0	80
Tamil	139,900	128,410	115	2,085
Telugu	7,495	7,270	15	70
Japanese	16,365	15,385	120	165
Korean	55,920	49,050	60	635
Cantonese	212,830	169,020	175	2,395
Fukien	3,030	2,335	0	0
Hakka	3,485	2,940	55	65
Mandarin	150,975	121,025	210	2,015
Taiwanese	3,750	3,280	0	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	153,065	124,305	265	1,455
Lao	3,370	3,025	45	130
Thai	2,825	2,645	0	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,025	3,525	50	70
Vietnamese	61,955	51,455	365	1,145
Bisayan languages	6,115	6,045	0	0
Ilocano	9,135	8,960	0	50
Malay	6,885	6,775	15	20
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	179,975	177,960	125	395
Akan (Twi)	13,110	12,925	40	45
Lingala	1,825	200	1,430	190
Rundi (Kirundi)	430	95	245	80
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	515	220	220	75
Swahili	10,265	9,245	635	220
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	3,220	2,635	555	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	9,370	8,435	685	170
African languages, n.i.e.	3,190	2,895	190	80
Creoles	11,815	7,370	3,160	1,150
Other non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 15}	32,130	28,975	455	450
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 16}	5,460,785	5,126,345	69,865	46,740
Non-movers	4,818,740	4,531,490	59,130	40,065
Movers	642,045	594,860	10,740	6,675
Non-migrants	379,135	355,035	5,675	3,495
Migrants	262,910	239,830	5,065	3,185
Internal migrants	179,185	169,345	3,380	1,875
Intraprovincial migrants	159,995	152,575	2,045	1,345
Interprovincial migrants	19,195	16,770	1,330	525
External migrants	83,725	70,485	1,680	1,310
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 17}	5,202,245	4,889,400	67,615	46,175
Non-movers	3,140,595	2,964,770	35,335	24,370
Movers	2,061,650	1,924,625	32,280	21,800
Non-migrants	1,132,645	1,070,325	14,740	10,380
Migrants	929,005	854,300	17,540	11,420
Internal migrants	585,900	555,380	11,625	5,780
Intraprovincial migrants	528,045	504,775	6,945	4,190
Interprovincial migrants	57,855	50,605	4,685	1,585
External migrants	343,105	298,920	5,915	5,640
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 18}	5,521,235	5,178,280	70,455	46,835
Canadian citizens	4,887,455	4,636,215	62,470	38,430
Canadian citizens only	4,583,625	4,359,325	57,700	30,540
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	303,830	276,895	4,770	7,885
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 19}	633,780	542,065	7,980	8,410
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 20}	5,521,235	5,178,280	70,455	46,840
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 21}	2,891,990	2,808,625	45,935	12,165
Born in province of residence	2,579,325	2,524,095	19,760	10,970
Born outside province of residence	312,665	284,530	26,175	1,200
Immigrants^{Footnote 22}	2,537,410	2,288,065	22,740	33,605
Americas	401,075	388,240	2,005	3,785
United States	47,310	46,740	225	195
Jamaica	96,165	96,090	0	0
Guyana	71,365	71,285	45	0
Haiti	1,960	555	1,170	215
Mexico	9,200	8,530	50	410
Trinidad and Tobago	45,925	45,890	20	0
Colombia	15,995	13,900	40	770
El Salvador	10,295	9,235	20	195
Peru	8,100	7,265	40	215
Chile	6,250	5,565	25	220
Other places of birth in Americas	88,510	83,185	330	1,565
Europe	660,655	597,740	7,160	11,295
United Kingdom^{Footnote 23}	112,580	112,290	150	110
Italy	115,060	99,140	410	830
Germany	25,765	25,260	150	310
Poland	63,070	58,455	85	965
Portugal	72,680	59,085	300	865
Netherlands	9,475	9,330	15	115
France	6,910	2,190	4,565	140
Romania	24,280	20,100	150	3,070
Russian Federation	34,330	30,415	80	1,110
Greece	30,940	28,240	0	155
Ukraine	31,175	28,290	30	650
Croatia	13,020	12,445	15	125
Hungary	13,355	11,885	10	165
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10,045	9,280	0	220
Serbia	13,380	12,300	40	600
Ireland, Republic of	8,995	8,995	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75,600	70,040	1,135	1,865
Africa	136,325	118,800	11,230	4,170
Morocco	3,585	1,370	1,715	440
Algeria	1,050	315	510	210
Egypt	18,360	15,680	1,155	1,055
South Africa, Republic of	13,125	13,075	30	0
Nigeria	14,145	14,065	0	40
Ethiopia	9,260	8,930	35	115
Kenya	10,865	10,660	0	120
Other places of birth in Africa	65,930	54,695	7,750	2,170
Asia	1,332,245	1,176,345	2,305	14,325
India	268,910	243,515	185	1,790
China^{Footnote 24}	224,915	158,530	100	1,980
Philippines	173,495	171,895	65	305
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	97,655	89,250	30	845
Viet Nam^{Footnote 25}	59,495	47,175	250	895
Pakistan	97,070	92,630	55	955
Sri Lanka	103,580	94,545	70	1,130
Iran^{Footnote 26}	59,755	54,290	130	1,640
Korea, South^{Footnote 27}	43,670	38,490	45	485
Lebanon	12,020	9,650	805	1,120
Taiwan	14,625	13,260	0	80
Iraq	21,530	19,025	40	175
Bangladesh	25,095	23,855	35	415
Afghanistan	20,415	17,670	30	390
Japan	5,930	5,620	0	45
Turkey	10,505	9,340	70	320
Other places of birth in Asia	93,590	87,590	395	1,750
Oceania and other^{Footnote 28}	7,100	6,945	40	30
Fiji	2,145	2,050	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 29}	4,960	4,895	35	20
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 30}	91,840	81,590	1,785	1,065
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^{Footnote 31}	381,745	329,375	5,615	6,230
Americas	53,210	49,420	500	1,160
United States	10,295	10,080	35	55
Mexico	3,685	3,380	15	130
Cuba	1,735	1,525	0	55
Haiti	815	290	350	150
Jamaica	7,330	7,320	0	0
Brazil	3,210	2,900	0	140
Colombia	5,725	4,800	0	220
Guyana	5,240	5,235	0	0
Peru	1,505	1,280	0	65
Venezuela^{Footnote 32}	1,450	1,315	0	85
Other places of birth in Americas	12,220	11,295	60	250
Europe	41,210	33,220	1,395	1,695
France	1,265	125	1,120	0
Germany	1,225	1,110	20	85
Poland	2,415	2,060	0	40
Romania	2,870	1,875	25	535
Moldova^{Footnote 33}	1,240	1,070	25	105
Russian Federation	6,625	5,450	0	265
Ukraine	4,740	3,845	0	125
United Kingdom^{Footnote 34}	5,135	5,100	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15,700	12,580	170	530
Africa	25,730	20,845	3,255	1,080
Nigeria	6,140	6,095	0	0
Ethiopia	1,490	1,410	0	0
Mauritius	1,360	320	680	355
Somalia	1,140	1,045	0	0
Algeria	325	60	215	35
Egypt	4,065	3,555	95	225
Morocco	535	120	370	45
Tunisia	155	20	55	50
Cameroon	715	290	410	20
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	680	75	530	55
South Africa, Republic of	875	855	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	8,250	7,005	865	235
Asia	260,400	224,720	465	2,295
Philippines	45,550	45,150	20	65
China^{Footnote 35}	46,250	30,085	25	310
India	59,670	53,280	40	340
Pakistan	19,845	18,450	30	135
Iran^{Footnote 36}	14,665	12,660	40	430
South Korea^{Footnote 37}	7,005	6,080	0	50
Sri Lanka	15,425	13,410	0	200
Iraq	7,255	5,645	35	115
Bangladesh	8,325	7,815	0	85
Lebanon	1,590	1,215	180	150
Viet Nam^{Footnote 38}	3,195	2,325	0	45
Taiwan	1,560	1,410	0	20
Afghanistan	3,615	2,960	0	10
Japan	1,385	1,305	0	0
Turkey	2,495	2,050	0	100
Israel	2,445	2,325	0	25
Nepal	2,125	2,020	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	1,915	1,645	0	25
United Arab Emirates	2,675	2,610	10	0
Saudi Arabia	1,740	1,625	15	0
Syria^{Footnote 39}	1,110	1,050	0	25
Other places of birth in Asia	10,560	9,610	15	150
Oceania and other^{Footnote 40}	1,195	1,175	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 41}	5,521,235	5,178,285	70,455	46,840
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 42}	2,891,990	2,808,630	45,930	12,170
Immigrants^{Footnote 43}	2,537,410	2,288,065	22,735	33,605
Before 1971	370,805	343,315	3,600	2,320
1971 to 1980	315,895	293,460	2,365	2,320
1981 to 1990	393,370	356,295	2,965	4,560
1991 to 2000	670,330	601,865	4,460	9,975
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 44}	787,010	693,130	9,350	14,430
2001 to 2005	405,265	363,755	3,735	8,200
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 45}	381,745	329,370	5,620	6,230
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	91,835	81,590	1,780	1,070
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 47}	5,521,235	5,178,280	70,455	46,840
First generation^{Footnote 48}	2,642,905	2,382,500	24,920	34,735
Second generation^{Footnote 49}	1,544,565	1,498,130	10,470	11,600
Third generation or more^{Footnote 50}	1,333,760	1,297,655	35,065	500
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	5,521,230	5,178,280	70,455	46,835
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 51}	36,995	35,335	1,595	35
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 52}	23,955	23,320	610	0
Métis single identity	9,980	9,055	895	20
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	640	635	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 53}	495	450	45	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 54}	1,925	1,875	45	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,484,240	5,142,945	68,865	46,805
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 55}	5,521,230	5,178,280	70,455	46,840
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 56}	12,320	12,040	265	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,508,915	5,166,240	70,185	46,830
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 57}	4,546,140	4,251,580	61,710	36,465
In the labour force	3,042,645	2,920,885	43,380	22,775
Employed	2,780,685	2,672,365	40,210	20,280
Unemployed	261,960	248,515	3,170	2,495
Not in the labour force	1,503,495	1,330,695	18,330	13,690
Participation rate	66.9	68.7	70.3	62.5
Employment rate	61.2	62.9	65.2	55.6
Unemployment rate	8.6	8.5	7.3	11.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	3,042,645	2,920,885	43,380	22,770
Class of Worker - Not applicable^{Footnote 58}	95,810	90,030	1,090	1,140
All Classes of Worker^{Footnote 59}	2,946,840	2,830,855	42,290	21,630
Employee	2,620,790	2,518,635	37,780	19,310
Self-employed	326,050	312,220	4,510	2,315
Self-employed (incorporated)	127,930	123,315	1,630	815
Without paid help	55,005	52,705	885	490
With paid help	72,930	70,605	740	325
Self-employed (unincorporated)	191,045	182,350	2,775	1,430
Without paid help	129,030	123,615	2,075	930
With paid help	62,015	58,730	695	500
Unpaid family worker	7,070	6,560	100	70
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	3,042,650	2,920,885	43,380	22,775
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 60}	95,810	90,030	1,090	1,140
All occupations^{Footnote 61}	2,946,835	2,830,860	42,295	21,630
0 Management occupations	358,725	345,920	6,400	2,270
00 Senior management occupations	43,285	41,675	1,030	250
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	149,845	145,105	2,945	985
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	110,570	106,480	1,500	635
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	55,025	52,655	925	405
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	570,685	553,535	8,380	3,950
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	149,800	145,270	2,425	1,325
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	170,540	165,500	2,845	950
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	35,205	34,125	455	255
14 Office support occupations	150,530	145,965	2,040	1,135
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	64,610	62,680	605	285
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	252,955	244,625	4,130	2,760
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	166,720	160,985	2,815	2,105
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	86,235	83,640	1,320	655
3 Health occupations	147,745	143,955	1,510	1,175
30 Professional occupations in nursing	38,955	38,215	390	135
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	40,730	39,400	510	660
32 Technical occupations in health	39,210	38,080	455	260
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	28,850	28,265	150	115
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	335,465	322,715	6,710	3,185
40 Professional occupations in education services	117,775	112,310	3,380	1,530
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	91,450	88,415	1,740	835
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	61,445	59,660	760	500
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	14,605	14,305	195	50
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	50,190	48,030	635	275
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	113,490	109,475	2,440	990
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	45,250	43,135	1,415	400
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	68,245	66,340	1,030	590
6 Sales and service occupations	677,140	645,930	8,705	5,055
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	80,570	78,070	1,370	620
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	80,965	74,255	745	520
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	150,380	145,620	1,710	985
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	148,665	142,060	3,145	1,465
66 Sales support occupations	84,460	81,570	645	540
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	132,100	124,355	1,085	930
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	318,065	305,570	2,675	1,610
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	107,995	103,185	980	540
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	56,110	54,580	505	225
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	45,005	43,175	380	220
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	82,280	79,725	580	490
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	26,680	24,900	235	140
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	23,520	22,680	135	35
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	3,745	3,630	40	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	3,845	3,530	35	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	15,935	15,515	65	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	149,035	136,450	1,205	590
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	14,870	14,325	200	45
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	47,525	43,010	375	190
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	44,270	41,080	395	205
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	42,380	38,035	230	155
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 62}	3,042,645	2,920,885	43,380	22,775
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 63}	95,805	90,030	1,090	1,145
All industries^{Footnote 64}	2,946,840	2,830,855	42,295	21,630
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,955	9,280	85	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,695	4,385	225	50
22 Utilities	18,340	17,875	265	135
23 Construction	162,085	154,825	1,720	900
31-33 Manufacturing	293,790	276,360	3,240	1,745
41 Wholesale trade	167,275	159,360	3,340	1,295
44-45 Retail trade	316,655	305,900	3,145	2,060
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	147,545	142,820	2,045	1,020
51 Information and cultural industries	110,440	107,150	1,960	715
52 Finance and insurance	230,185	222,600	4,295	1,915
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	71,745	69,545	860	560
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	299,680	289,655	5,120	2,965
55 Management of companies and enterprises	4,180	4,065	60	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	148,380	141,940	1,875	1,130
61 Educational services	206,275	197,760	5,060	2,220
62 Health care and social assistance	260,540	253,410	2,760	1,725
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	58,820	57,245	800	345
72 Accommodation and food services	170,945	160,675	1,495	1,225
81 Other services (except public administration)	132,995	127,670	1,605	645
91 Public administration	132,330	128,350	2,345	925
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^{Footnote 65}	2,780,680	2,672,370	40,210	20,280
Usual place of work	2,278,375	2,193,200	33,110	16,535
Work in CSD of residence	1,291,485	1,240,370	19,870	9,880
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	218,915	212,530	2,750	1,000
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	762,930	735,620	10,270	5,570
Work in a different province	5,040	4,675	215	85
Worked at home	184,345	176,385	3,320	1,345
Worked outside Canada	13,555	12,520	170	200
No fixed workplace address	304,405	290,265	3,615	2,200
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^{Footnote 66}	2,582,780	2,483,465	36,725	18,730
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,666,415	1,609,915	21,720	10,420
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	140,100	131,685	1,435	1,025
Public transit	601,365	574,920	9,920	5,880
Walked	117,665	112,485	2,355	995
Bicycle	30,135	28,635	860	190
Other methods	27,100	25,825	430	235
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^{Footnote 67}	3,187,240	3,058,025	45,525	23,895
English	3,038,980	2,963,070	35,365	20,540
French	10,280	4,010	5,620	635
Non-official language	85,285	47,905	165	700
Aboriginal	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85,255	47,880	170	690
English and French	12,485	6,915	4,150	1,420
English and non-official language	39,160	35,455	80	425
French and non-official language	160	65	55	0
English, French and non-official language	880	615	80	170
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^{Footnote 68}	3,187,240	3,058,030	45,525	23,900
None	2,959,140	2,861,900	28,335	18,665
English	36,010	27,230	3,545	705
French	45,735	30,615	12,775	2,280
Non-official language	141,440	134,345	445	1,805
Aboriginal	155	155	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	141,285	134,185	445	1,810
English and French	65	35	0	0
English and non-official language	860	715	55	0
French and non-official language	3,970	3,185	360	405
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 69}	4,546,140	4,251,585	61,710	36,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	770,950	644,195	7,100	5,600
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 70}	1,145,225	1,082,445	12,490	7,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 71}	2,629,970	2,524,940	42,120	23,810
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 72}	253,395	242,010	3,975	1,355
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^{Footnote 73}	145,405	138,280	2,390	770
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^{Footnote 74}	107,985	103,735	1,590	585
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	769,855	743,805	11,510	3,880
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 75}	247,400	235,950	3,960	2,080
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,359,320	1,303,180	22,670	16,495
Bachelor's degree	842,615	811,635	12,340	8,100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	159,625	151,960	2,940	2,510
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35,015	33,320	375	570
Master's degree	280,700	267,765	5,705	4,340
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 76}	41,370	38,505	1,315	975
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 77}	2,629,970	2,524,940	42,120	23,805
Education	155,630	147,380	3,390	1,365
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	126,160	121,910	2,110	840
Humanities	184,090	175,070	3,860	2,505
Social and behavioural sciences and law	339,705	327,835	5,415	3,015
Business, management and public administration	638,900	614,835	11,715	5,250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	121,295	116,175	1,745	1,495
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	152,320	147,155	2,270	1,270
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	477,070	456,230	5,825	4,845
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30,315	29,175	365	200
Health and related fields^{Footnote 78}	299,665	288,555	3,695	2,410
Personal, protective and transportation services	104,460	100,305	1,705	610
Other fields of study^{Footnote 79}	345	325	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^{Footnote 80}	2,629,965	2,524,940	42,125	23,805
Inside Canada	1,792,385	1,744,340	32,225	10,635
Newfoundland and Labrador	7,045	6,995	35	0
Prince Edward Island	1,140	1,115	30	0
Nova Scotia	19,450	19,050	335	50
New Brunswick	7,195	6,370	790	35
Quebec	55,415	43,860	10,060	1,400
Ontario	1,655,590	1,621,380	20,325	8,965
Manitoba	9,680	9,445	160	15
Saskatchewan	4,295	4,215	50	20
Alberta	14,730	14,460	180	70
British Columbia	17,615	17,220	265	85
Yukon	40	40	0	0
Northwest Territories	50	55	0	0
Nunavut	135	130	0	0
Outside Canada	837,585	780,605	9,890	13,170
Total population in private households by visible minority	5,521,235	5,178,280	70,450	46,840
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 81}	2,596,420	2,379,950	19,075	26,585
South Asian^{Footnote 82}	833,085	778,360	1,925	8,140
Chinese	531,635	436,840	1,630	5,205
Black	397,180	383,970	10,095	1,620
Filipino	230,075	227,885	185	405
Latin American	117,005	106,400	315	2,960
Arab	74,985	66,560	2,190	2,785
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 83}	90,995	81,465	620	1,255
West Asian^{Footnote 84}	96,650	86,860	285	2,500
Korean	61,300	54,600	100	640
Japanese	20,015	19,390	65	55
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 85}	68,660	66,540	1,130	385
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 86}	74,835	71,070	530	640
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 87}	2,924,815	2,798,335	51,380	20,260
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^{Footnote 88}	5,521,230	5,178,285	70,450	46,840
Total population - Single responses^{Footnote 89}	3,727,105	3,439,560	40,120	38,210
Total population - Multiple responses^{Footnote 90}	1,794,130	1,738,720	30,335	8,630
Canadian - Total responses	728,745	704,235	20,400	920
Canadian - Single responses	284,760	275,860	7,505	275
Canadian - Multiple responses	443,980	428,375	12,895	645
English- Total responses	777,115	772,720	3,650	310
English - Single responses	158,110	157,805	225	35
English - Multiple responses	619,005	614,910	3,430	275
French - Total responses	249,375	213,435	34,810	860
French - Single responses	22,655	9,945	12,580	110
French - Multiple responses	226,725	203,490	22,230	745
Scottish - Total responses	545,365	542,310	2,820	145
Scottish - Single responses	63,870	63,740	110	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	481,495	478,570	2,715	135
Irish - Total responses	543,600	538,535	4,785	165
Irish - Single responses	63,520	63,305	205	0
Irish - Multiple responses	480,085	475,225	4,580	165
German - Total responses	262,830	259,150	2,040	1,015
German - Single responses	40,770	40,250	160	295
German - Multiple responses	222,060	218,900	1,880	715
Italian - Total responses	475,095	454,615	2,995	1,930
Italian - Single responses	296,955	280,135	785	1,180
Italian - Multiple responses	178,140	174,480	2,205	750
Chinese - Total responses	594,735	497,120	2,005	5,490
Chinese - Single responses	495,935	403,385	1,105	5,020
Chinese - Multiple responses	98,800	93,735	905	470
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	52,080	49,615	2,385	30
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	5,530	5,370	140	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	46,555	44,245	2,245	30
Ukrainian - Total responses	130,355	125,370	605	1,470
Ukrainian - Single responses	38,955	36,705	50	685
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	91,395	88,660	555	785
East Indian - Total responses	572,250	537,780	2,190	4,950
East Indian - Single responses	449,665	420,015	1,375	3,945
East Indian - Multiple responses	122,590	117,765	810	1,005
Dutch - Total responses	98,930	98,130	500	245
Dutch - Single responses	23,395	23,205	40	125
Dutch - Multiple responses	75,535	74,920	455	120
Polish- Total responses	214,455	206,285	1,235	2,390
Polish - Single responses	88,075	82,140	360	1,700
Polish - Multiple responses	126,390	124,145	880	690
Filipino - Total responses	246,340	244,040	205	455
Filipino - Single responses	189,660	187,715	85	355
Filipino - Multiple responses	56,680	56,315	120	95
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^{Footnote 91}	104,070	103,355	600	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^{Footnote 92}	24,755	24,710	35	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^{Footnote 93}	79,315	78,640	565	50
Russian- Total responses	118,090	110,610	440	2,425
Russian - Single responses	35,105	31,565	65	1,065
Russian - Multiple responses	82,985	79,050	370	1,365
Welsh - Total responses	56,040	55,825	170	0
Welsh - Single responses	3,230	3,205	20	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	52,810	52,620	150	0
Norwegian - Total responses	15,640	15,520	75	40
Norwegian - Single responses	1,055	1,030	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	14,585	14,485	70	15
Métis - Total responses	12,485	11,310	1,145	20
Métis - Single responses	840	695	150	0
Métis - Multiple responses	11,640	10,615	1,000	15
Portuguese - Total responses	196,970	181,300	915	1,505
Portuguese - Single responses	128,525	114,110	435	1,245
Portuguese - Multiple responses	68,440	67,190	480	260
American - Total responses	47,165	46,680	325	90
American - Single responses	3,690	3,675	0	0
American - Multiple responses	43,470	43,005	310	85
Spanish - Total responses	105,735	100,485	1,315	1,670
Spanish - Single responses	20,600	19,020	160	500
Spanish - Multiple responses	85,135	81,465	1,160	1,175
Swedish - Total responses	19,465	19,255	150	35
Swedish - Single responses	1,370	1,365	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	18,095	17,890	150	30
Hungarian - Total responses	56,050	52,930	270	735
Hungarian - Single responses	18,995	17,200	25	360
Hungarian - Multiple responses	37,050	35,730	250	380
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 94}	4,546,140	4,251,585	61,710	36,460
Without income	280,260	259,585	2,850	4,415
With income	4,265,880	3,992,000	58,855	32,045
Under $5,000^{Footnote 95}	528,835	489,000	5,885	5,935
$5,000 to $9,999	311,740	287,655	3,410	2,805
$10,000 to $14,999	370,940	333,310	4,030	2,825
$15,000 to $19,999	386,340	334,225	4,140	2,845
$20,000 to $29,999	553,305	512,600	5,965	3,535
$30,000 to $39,999	453,695	431,720	5,775	2,650
$40,000 to $49,999	391,615	376,780	5,770	2,765
$50,000 to $59,999	304,905	293,815	5,340	2,200
$60,000 to $79,999	403,920	390,620	7,120	2,645
$80,000 to $99,999	245,425	237,370	4,865	1,800
$100,000 and over	315,170	304,900	6,565	2,050
$100,000 to $124,999	133,865	129,560	2,550	970
$125,000 and over	181,310	175,335	4,015	1,080
Median income $^{Footnote 96}	29,593	30,761	40,381	23,834
Average income $^{Footnote 97}	44,462	45,451	56,613	37,964
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 98}	4,546,140	4,251,580	61,710	36,460
Without after-tax income	280,980	260,230	2,860	4,430
With after-tax income	4,265,165	3,991,355	58,855	32,030
Under $5,000^{Footnote 99}	535,215	495,090	6,025	5,935
$5,000 to $9,999	315,730	291,430	3,485	2,840
$10,000 to $14,999	379,925	341,710	4,180	2,905
$15,000 to $19,999	414,620	361,585	4,230	3,040
$20,000 to $29,999	633,645	589,105	7,200	4,060
$30,000 to $39,999	551,135	527,220	7,280	3,335
$40,000 to $49,999	447,895	430,960	7,545	3,195
$50,000 to $59,999	304,990	294,710	5,245	1,965
$60,000 to $79,999	380,390	367,875	7,255	2,845
$80,000 to $99,999	141,340	136,585	2,990	940
$100,000 and over	160,290	155,095	3,420	970
Median after-tax income $^{Footnote 100}	27,390	28,413	36,118	22,874
Average after-tax income $^{Footnote 101}	36,464	37,193	44,569	31,847
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^{Footnote 102}	4,546,140	4,251,585	61,710	36,460
With employment income	3,101,475	2,974,675	44,395	23,230
Median employment income $^{Footnote 103}	34,647	34,926	46,011	30,910
Average employment income $^{Footnote 104}	48,010	48,324	60,692	42,230
With wages and salaries	2,848,205	2,736,030	40,890	21,180
Median wages and salaries $^{Footnote 105}	36,362	36,699	48,272	33,114
Average wages and salaries $^{Footnote 106}	48,669	48,900	62,535	42,572
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	3,042,645	2,920,885	43,380	22,770
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 107}	1,679,250	1,618,645	25,095	11,725
All others^{Footnote 108}	1,363,400	1,302,240	18,290	11,045

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

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Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

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Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

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Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 34

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Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 43

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Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 55

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Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 61

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Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 73

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Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

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Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

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Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

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Footnote 93

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Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 95

Including loss.

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Footnote 96

For population with income.

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Footnote 97

For population with income.

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Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 99

Including loss.

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Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

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Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

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Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011043.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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