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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8D)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Hamilton
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 26.7 %
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	708,175	549,935	10,920	620
0 to 4 years	38,230	33,775	250	50
5 to 9 years	39,705	35,385	385	0
10 to 14 years	42,045	36,925	440	10
15 to 19 years	47,680	40,740	440	30
20 to 24 years	47,205	38,625	430	75
25 to 29 years	43,435	34,905	530	35
30 to 34 years	42,805	33,270	595	30
35 to 39 years	44,605	33,900	700	25
40 to 44 years	50,035	36,860	765	20
45 to 49 years	58,240	43,415	940	60
50 to 54 years	55,845	41,885	1,135	80
55 to 59 years	47,900	35,300	885	55
60 to 64 years	42,605	31,345	805	40
65 to 69 years	32,395	23,550	795	15
70 to 74 years	25,720	17,595	685	25
75 to 79 years	21,245	13,660	500	0
80 to 84 years	16,590	10,915	325	35
85 years and over	11,890	7,885	315	0
Median age^{Footnote 3}	40.9	38.2	49.9	49.1
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^{Footnote 4}	588,190	443,850	9,845	560
Married or living with a common-law partner	339,560	244,075	5,940	345
Married (and not separated)	296,065	206,505	4,965	275
Living common law	43,490	37,570	980	70
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	248,630	199,775	3,905	215
Single (never legally married)	160,685	134,210	1,855	140
Separated	18,870	14,525	510	0
Divorced	35,425	28,645	605	15
Widowed	33,655	22,405	935	50
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	708,175	549,935	10,925	620
English	685,675	549,920	1,000	530
French	10,360	0	9,925	0
English and French	2,710	0	0	85
Neither English nor French	9,430	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 5}	708,175	549,930	10,925	620
English only	651,665	521,450	1,000	80
French only	315	0	135	0
English and French	46,505	28,270	9,775	540
Neither English nor French	9,690	205	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	708,170	549,935	10,920	625
Single responses	690,135	545,180	10,650	540
English	617,010	541,970	7,765	530
French	3,300	220	2,810	0
Non-official languages	69,830	2,990	75	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 6}	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 7}	56,540	2,480	50	0
Arabic	4,665	175	0	0
Bengali	820	120	0	0
Cantonese	1,345	35	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,010	80	0	0
Creoles	75	0	0	0
Dutch	230	30	0	0
German	865	20	0	0
Greek	755	20	0	0
Gujarati	995	25	0	0
Hindi	630	60	0	0
Hungarian	800	0	0	0
Italian	5,795	215	0	0
Korean	1,625	65	0	0
Mandarin	1,905	30	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	3,575	145	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,965	155	0	0
Polish	4,225	110	0	0
Portuguese	3,660	140	0	0
Romanian	1,250	20	0	0
Russian	1,005	0	0	0
Serbian	3,700	125	0	0
Spanish	5,605	235	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,415	305	0	0
Tamil	225	20	0	0
Ukrainian	905	15	0	0
Urdu	2,110	195	0	0
Vietnamese	2,395	145	0	0
Other languages^{Footnote 8}	13,285	505	30	0
Multiple responses	18,040	4,755	275	80
English and French	370	145	140	80
English and non-official language	17,520	4,595	55	0
French and non-official language	90	0	70	0
English, French and non-official language	55	0	10	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	708,170	549,935	10,925	620
None	621,260	533,845	5,865	415
English	34,280	2,185	1,775	0
French	6,160	2,915	2,865	155
Non-official language	45,260	10,775	240	40
Aboriginal	165	110	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	45,090	10,670	240	40
English and French	100	0	0	0
English and non-official language	430	15	75	0
French and non-official language	670	175	100	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 9}	177,840	34,960	1,390	80
Aboriginal languages	280	210	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^{Footnote 10}	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	100	90	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 11}	160	115	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	177,610	34,770	1,390	85
Italian	26,150	7,210	170	0
Portuguese	10,675	2,060	55	0
Romanian	2,720	255	0	0
Spanish	14,515	4,035	360	0
Dutch	6,005	1,535	20	0
Flemish	100	0	0	0
German	10,400	2,620	160	0
Yiddish	165	45	0	0
Danish	440	90	0	0
Norwegian	145	45	0	0
Swedish	345	155	0	0
Afrikaans	610	415	0	0
Gaelic languages	245	215	0	0
Bosnian	1,360	110	0	0
Bulgarian	185	0	0	0
Croatian	7,665	950	20	0
Czech	1,805	200	0	0
Macedonian	980	140	0	0
Polish	11,695	1,605	25	0
Russian	3,095	285	20	0
Serbian	7,170	710	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	535	35	0	0
Slovak	955	135	0	0
Slovenian	940	180	0	0
Ukrainian	3,150	585	15	0
Latvian	475	55	0	0
Lithuanian	715	145	0	0
Greek	2,755	565	0	0
Armenian	425	80	0	0
Albanian	1,380	115	0	0
Estonian	340	65	0	0
Finnish	195	45	0	0
Hungarian	3,485	475	15	0
Turkish	1,175	165	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	45	0	0	0
Somali	1,035	235	0	0
Amharic	255	20	0	0
Arabic	10,180	1,080	160	0
Hebrew	660	330	0	0
Maltese	210	95	0	0
Tigrigna	70	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,180	275	0	0
Bengali	1,210	185	30	0
Gujarati	2,030	330	0	0
Hindi	4,775	860	0	0
Konkani	55	35	0	0
Marathi	190	65	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	7,875	1,345	0	0
Sindhi	210	40	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	460	65	0	0
Urdu	4,560	830	0	0
Nepali	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	1,010	95	0	0
Pashto	525	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	3,105	310	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	340	80	0	0
Kannada	115	15	0	0
Malayalam	730	170	0	0
Tamil	730	180	0	0
Telugu	190	70	0	0
Japanese	825	495	0	0
Korean	2,540	300	0	0
Cantonese	2,715	320	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,950	250	0	0
Taiwanese	105	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,495	370	0	0
Lao	430	100	0	0
Thai	185	25	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,150	130	0	0
Vietnamese	4,035	510	0	0
Bisayan languages	240	55	0	0
Ilocano	220	30	0	0
Malay	305	135	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	6,630	1,375	0	0
Akan (Twi)	265	45	0	0
Lingala	210	0	160	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	110	0	35	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	65	0	35	0
Swahili	620	80	110	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	280	70	30	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	285	190	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	270	30	0	0
Creoles	600	230	125	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 12}	2,825	1,115	35	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 13}	700,650	543,260	10,860	590
Non-movers	626,075	485,480	9,520	545
Movers	74,580	57,785	1,345	50
Non-migrants	45,095	36,295	840	20
Migrants	29,480	21,485	505	25
Internal migrants	24,920	19,785	405	20
Intraprovincial migrants	22,590	18,090	340	0
Interprovincial migrants	2,335	1,695	65	0
External migrants	4,560	1,705	95	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 14}	669,945	516,155	10,675	570
Non-movers	427,880	333,035	6,115	355
Movers	242,065	183,125	4,560	215
Non-migrants	145,965	115,525	2,485	90
Migrants	96,100	67,600	2,070	125
Internal migrants	76,780	61,595	1,555	120
Intraprovincial migrants	70,010	56,370	1,185	85
Interprovincial migrants	6,770	5,225	375	35
External migrants	19,320	6,005	520	0
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 15}	708,175	549,935	10,920	625
Canadian citizens	673,910	539,085	10,275	615
Canadian citizens only	652,950	530,930	10,010	615
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	20,960	8,155	270	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 16}	34,265	10,850	645	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 17}	708,170	549,935	10,920	620
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 18}	535,790	494,600	9,070	565
Born in province of residence	481,960	448,190	4,665	350
Born outside province of residence	53,830	46,410	4,405	215
Immigrants^{Footnote 19}	166,755	53,530	1,760	55
Americas	20,675	12,360	265	0
United States	6,195	5,425	110	0
Jamaica	2,510	2,495	0	0
Guyana	1,295	1,290	0	0
Haiti	195	20	115	0
Mexico	880	45	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,370	1,360	0	0
Colombia	1,865	125	0	0
El Salvador	1,425	75	0	0
Peru	330	20	0	0
Chile	415	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	4,205	1,490	30	0
Europe	91,595	31,715	695	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 20}	26,290	25,710	45	0
Italy	12,615	655	15	0
Germany	4,950	770	15	0
Poland	7,940	400	0	0
Portugal	6,725	500	0	0
Netherlands	4,460	515	0	0
France	700	65	425	0
Romania	2,370	165	30	0
Russian Federation	835	55	0	0
Greece	1,435	110	0	0
Ukraine	1,315	75	0	0
Croatia	5,460	185	0	0
Hungary	1,705	85	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,355	80	0	0
Serbia	2,295	90	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	1,425	1,415	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	7,710	835	120	0
Africa	8,400	2,620	735	25
Morocco	185	30	30	0
Algeria	30	0	0	0
Egypt	1,400	150	55	0
South Africa, Republic of	1,185	990	0	0
Nigeria	345	250	0	0
Ethiopia	280	35	0	0
Kenya	565	220	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	4,415	935	650	25
Asia	45,360	6,200	70	0
India	8,575	1,470	0	0
China^{Footnote 21}	5,085	325	0	0
Philippines	6,395	1,330	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	760	70	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 22}	3,195	260	0	0
Pakistan	3,445	535	0	0
Sri Lanka	785	170	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 23}	1,440	80	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 24}	1,805	90	0	0
Lebanon	1,020	150	30	0
Taiwan	340	55	0	0
Iraq	4,120	250	0	0
Bangladesh	695	45	0	0
Afghanistan	970	20	0	0
Japan	210	20	0	0
Turkey	750	75	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	5,780	1,250	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 25}	720	635	0	0
Fiji	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 26}	685	615	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 27}	5,630	1,805	90	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^{Footnote 28}	18,775	4,305	550	0
Americas	3,915	1,585	180	0
United States	1,285	995	85	0
Mexico	405	0	0	0
Cuba	185	0	0	0
Haiti	160	0	95	0
Jamaica	220	210	0	0
Brazil	65	0	0	0
Colombia	930	15	0	0
Guyana	155	160	0	0
Peru	95	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 29}	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	375	175	0	0
Europe	3,835	1,020	70	0
France	65	0	65	0
Germany	100	0	0	0
Poland	160	0	0	0
Romania	405	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 30}	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	190	25	0	0
Ukraine	215	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 31}	885	835	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,810	135	0	0
Africa	2,270	525	295	0
Nigeria	225	160	0	0
Ethiopia	65	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	300	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	275	25	0	0
Morocco	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	65	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	215	0	170	0
South Africa, Republic of	85	65	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	970	225	85	0
Asia	8,610	1,030	0	0
Philippines	1,630	275	0	0
China^{Footnote 32}	845	65	0	0
India	1,220	140	0	0
Pakistan	615	135	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 33}	345	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 34}	410	30	0	0
Sri Lanka	180	25	0	0
Iraq	1,230	55	0	0
Bangladesh	110	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	0	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 35}	460	75	0	0
Taiwan	120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	125	0	0	0
Japan	60	0	0	0
Turkey	175	30	0	0
Israel	80	0	0	0
Nepal	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	30	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	75	25	0	0
Saudi Arabia	60	25	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 36}	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	670	85	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 37}	140	140	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 38}	708,175	549,935	10,920	625
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 39}	535,795	494,595	9,070	565
Immigrants^{Footnote 40}	166,755	53,530	1,765	55
Before 1971	53,400	22,310	465	0
1971 to 1980	22,395	10,605	85	0
1981 to 1990	23,230	6,595	125	0
1991 to 2000	31,340	5,720	410	0
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 41}	36,385	8,305	675	20
2001 to 2005	17,605	3,995	125	0
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 42}	18,780	4,305	550	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 43}	5,630	1,805	90	0
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 44}	708,175	549,935	10,925	620
First generation^{Footnote 45}	173,940	56,600	1,895	55
Second generation^{Footnote 46}	176,685	145,575	895	115
Third generation or more^{Footnote 47}	357,550	347,765	8,130	445
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	708,170	549,935	10,920	620
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 48}	11,980	11,330	530	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 49}	8,945	8,620	225	0
Métis single identity	2,355	2,035	300	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	75	75	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 50}	250	250	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 51}	355	355	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	696,195	538,605	10,395	605
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 52}	708,170	549,930	10,920	620
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 53}	4,295	4,115	90	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	703,875	545,820	10,835	620
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 54}	588,195	443,850	9,850	560
In the labour force	378,725	295,480	5,860	325
Employed	348,820	272,220	5,405	290
Unemployed	29,910	23,260	450	35
Not in the labour force	209,465	148,370	3,985	230
Participation rate	64.4	66.6	59.5	58.0
Employment rate	59.3	61.3	54.9	51.8
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.9	7.7	10.8
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	378,725	295,480	5,860	330
Class of Worker- Not applicable^{Footnote 55}	9,315	6,890	175	0
All Classes of Worker^{Footnote 56}	369,410	288,585	5,690	320
Employee	334,305	263,470	5,170	290
Self-employed	35,105	25,115	515	30
Self-employed (incorporated)	12,370	8,480	165	0
Without paid help	4,490	3,085	80	0
With paid help	7,880	5,395	90	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	21,995	16,160	345	20
Without paid help	15,585	11,790	250	20
With paid help	6,415	4,365	95	0
Unpaid family worker	740	475	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	378,720	295,480	5,860	325
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 57}	9,315	6,895	170	0
All occupations^{Footnote 58}	369,415	288,585	5,690	320
0 Management occupations	42,185	33,795	670	45
00 Senior management occupations	4,495	3,665	50	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	14,455	11,885	275	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	14,955	11,605	225	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	8,285	6,640	125	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	59,110	48,105	915	60
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	10,975	8,605	165	30
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	19,385	15,885	330	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	4,375	3,550	110	0
14 Office support occupations	15,825	12,955	235	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	8,545	7,105	75	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	23,225	16,535	445	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	12,325	8,365	180	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	10,895	8,165	265	0
3 Health occupations	26,120	19,510	390	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	7,490	5,965	95	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	5,900	4,150	105	0
32 Technical occupations in health	7,105	5,525	70	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	5,625	3,865	115	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	46,525	37,040	825	50
40 Professional occupations in education services	19,360	15,225	440	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	9,440	7,815	155	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	8,125	6,600	80	30
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	3,375	3,020	35	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	6,220	4,385	110	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	9,795	8,175	215	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	2,945	2,390	65	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	6,845	5,780	145	0
6 Sales and service occupations	88,890	70,660	1,260	85
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	8,825	7,165	125	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	9,950	7,145	95	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	20,470	16,840	225	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	16,390	13,195	365	35
66 Sales support occupations	12,330	10,165	155	25
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	20,925	16,150	295	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	49,740	37,940	790	40
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	19,610	14,500	325	25
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	9,190	7,350	180	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	5,105	4,200	80	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	11,910	8,835	185	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	3,920	3,050	20	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,355	4,380	20	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	810	700	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,400	960	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	3,145	2,725	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	18,475	12,450	160	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	2,850	2,255	30	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	6,105	3,740	75	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	4,830	3,315	40	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	4,690	3,140	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 59}	378,725	295,480	5,860	325
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 60}	9,310	6,895	170	0
All industries^{Footnote 61}	369,415	288,590	5,690	320
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,615	2,505	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	505	430	0	0
22 Utilities	2,340	1,880	40	0
23 Construction	23,625	18,065	380	0
31-33 Manufacturing	43,475	31,150	640	40
41 Wholesale trade	18,960	15,370	375	0
44-45 Retail trade	43,700	34,925	535	80
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15,685	11,815	405	0
51 Information and cultural industries	8,130	6,695	130	0
52 Finance and insurance	18,345	14,735	390	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	7,220	5,645	60	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	24,025	18,950	385	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	375	305	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	17,110	13,545	250	0
61 Educational services	32,965	25,680	775	40
62 Health care and social assistance	44,150	34,100	605	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	6,495	5,715	70	0
72 Accommodation and food services	22,560	18,085	175	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	16,750	12,775	195	10
91 Public administration	19,380	16,220	280	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^{Footnote 62}	348,815	272,215	5,405	295
Usual place of work	290,240	227,315	4,435	250
Work in CSD of residence	176,105	136,725	2,500	130
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	14,785	12,040	255	30
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	98,780	78,180	1,605	95
Work in a different province	570	375	70	0
Worked at home	21,405	16,645	405	0
Worked outside Canada	1,285	865	25	0
No fixed workplace address	35,885	27,390	545	35
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^{Footnote 63}	326,130	254,710	4,975	280
Car, truck or van - as a driver	253,690	197,410	3,895	205
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	21,710	17,480	195	0
Public transit	30,245	23,225	625	60
Walked	14,795	12,055	145	0
Bicycle	2,425	2,155	35	0
Other methods	3,260	2,380	80	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^{Footnote 64}	400,515	312,200	6,215	375
English	393,905	311,045	5,255	315
French	1,310	485	585	30
Non-official language	2,560	135	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,565	130	0	0
English and French	1,020	385	375	25
English and non-official language	1,645	125	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	25	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^{Footnote 65}	400,510	312,200	6,215	375
None	387,000	308,030	4,390	310
English	1,695	430	290	0
French	4,675	2,525	1,460	50
Non-official language	6,770	1,110	20	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,775	1,110	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	345	100	45	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 66}	588,190	443,850	9,845	555
No certificate, diploma or degree	113,535	80,300	1,905	80
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 67}	159,225	126,160	2,510	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 68}	315,430	237,395	5,430	355
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 69}	46,970	33,900	985	40
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^{Footnote 70}	25,315	18,400	490	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^{Footnote 71}	21,660	15,500	495	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	126,920	101,135	2,005	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 72}	22,155	15,120	485	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	119,385	87,235	1,960	160
Bachelor's degree	73,630	56,150	1,170	115
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	14,910	10,595	375	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	3,845	2,365	45	0
Master's degree	22,450	15,345	285	25
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 73}	4,555	2,780	80	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 74}	315,435	237,395	5,430	360
Education	22,290	17,745	500	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	11,355	9,165	170	0
Humanities	18,085	13,930	405	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35,135	27,770	535	45
Business, management and public administration	65,550	50,225	1,020	105
Physical and life sciences and technologies	12,155	8,495	220	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	12,045	8,550	185	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	66,350	46,180	1,120	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,850	3,720	45	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 75}	50,465	38,285	915	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	17,110	13,275	325	10
Other fields of study^{Footnote 76}	45	45	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^{Footnote 77}	315,435	237,390	5,430	355
Inside Canada	265,270	218,190	4,960	330
Newfoundland and Labrador	790	745	0	0
Prince Edward Island	340	325	0	0
Nova Scotia	2,230	2,040	40	0
New Brunswick	1,185	1,005	115	0
Quebec	4,495	3,020	840	60
Ontario	250,695	206,545	3,835	255
Manitoba	1,145	880	0	0
Saskatchewan	620	525	0	0
Alberta	1,885	1,460	105	0
British Columbia	1,820	1,575	0	0
Yukon	25	25	0	0
Northwest Territories	15	0	0	0
Nunavut	35	30	0	0
Outside Canada	50,165	19,205	475	25
Total population in private households by visible minority	708,175	549,930	10,925	620
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 78}	101,605	39,920	1,420	60
South Asian^{Footnote 79}	23,765	8,055	40	0
Chinese	11,545	2,855	0	0
Black	19,060	14,750	1,115	0
Filipino	8,820	3,420	0	0
Latin American	9,105	1,720	40	0
Arab	8,695	1,620	90	10
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 80}	6,580	1,760	10	0
West Asian^{Footnote 81}	5,060	785	0	0
Korean	2,875	575	0	0
Japanese	1,315	1,020	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 82}	1,710	1,400	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 83}	3,075	1,960	65	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 84}	606,570	510,015	9,505	560
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^{Footnote 85}	708,170	549,935	10,920	620
Total population - Single responses^{Footnote 86}	369,920	237,100	6,020	175
Total population - Multiple responses^{Footnote 87}	338,250	312,830	4,900	445
Canadian - Total responses	171,940	164,840	4,090	270
Canadian - Single responses	68,195	66,160	1,475	80
Canadian - Multiple responses	103,745	98,685	2,610	190
English- Total responses	201,790	200,115	640	200
English - Single responses	44,670	44,500	105	0
English - Multiple responses	157,115	155,615	535	195
French - Total responses	61,405	53,120	7,065	360
French - Single responses	5,795	2,925	2,850	15
French - Multiple responses	55,610	50,195	4,220	345
Scottish - Total responses	144,435	143,550	530	75
Scottish - Single responses	19,730	19,685	25	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	124,700	123,865	505	75
Irish - Total responses	127,310	126,070	800	145
Irish - Single responses	12,160	12,000	105	0
Irish - Multiple responses	115,155	114,075	695	130
German - Total responses	68,085	60,245	350	70
German - Single responses	9,980	5,620	0	0
German - Multiple responses	58,105	54,630	345	70
Italian - Total responses	75,900	55,855	370	45
Italian - Single responses	37,525	19,725	75	0
Italian - Multiple responses	38,375	36,130	295	40
Chinese - Total responses	14,780	4,690	0	25
Chinese - Single responses	10,160	1,725	0	25
Chinese - Multiple responses	4,620	2,965	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	16,470	15,840	485	25
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	1,615	1,560	45	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	14,855	14,285	440	30
Ukrainian - Total responses	25,815	21,850	90	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	5,395	3,140	15	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	20,415	18,710	70	0
East Indian - Total responses	18,270	7,505	80	0
East Indian - Single responses	14,030	4,310	10	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	4,240	3,195	65	0
Dutch - Total responses	39,010	33,740	180	20
Dutch - Single responses	15,215	11,160	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	23,790	22,580	170	15
Polish- Total responses	37,895	26,715	195	35
Polish - Single responses	13,485	4,530	15	0
Polish - Multiple responses	24,410	22,185	175	30
Filipino- Total responses	9,140	3,695	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	6,690	2,080	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	2,450	1,615	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^{Footnote 88}	20,980	20,705	125	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^{Footnote 89}	5,550	5,525	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^{Footnote 90}	15,425	15,180	115	20
Russian- Total responses	7,150	5,280	20	0
Russian - Single responses	990	265	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	6,160	5,015	15	0
Welsh - Total responses	14,325	14,205	30	0
Welsh - Single responses	1,120	1,075	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	13,205	13,130	25	0
Norwegian - Total responses	3,200	3,085	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	230	180	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	2,965	2,905	0	0
Métis - Total responses	2,770	2,420	330	0
Métis - Single responses	120	100	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	2,655	2,315	310	0
Portuguese - Total responses	18,575	9,900	50	0
Portuguese - Single responses	11,935	4,015	40	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	6,635	5,885	0	0
American - Total responses	8,485	8,305	40	0
American - Single responses	555	545	0	0
American - Multiple responses	7,930	7,760	45	0
Spanish - Total responses	7,910	4,175	45	0
Spanish - Single responses	1,505	390	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	6,410	3,790	35	0
Swedish - Total responses	3,740	3,525	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	230	155	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	3,510	3,370	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	13,450	9,955	50	0
Hungarian - Single responses	3,810	1,605	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	9,635	8,350	40	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 91}	588,190	443,850	9,845	560
Without income	29,215	21,905	360	0
With income	558,975	421,950	9,490	550
Under $5,000^{Footnote 92}	55,780	41,090	770	65
$5,000 to $9,999	38,645	29,315	540	35
$10,000 to $14,999	48,775	36,840	655	20
$15,000 to $19,999	47,520	33,830	770	90
$20,000 to $29,999	78,195	55,535	1,575	75
$30,000 to $39,999	65,330	48,395	1,080	70
$40,000 to $49,999	56,500	43,100	1,105	60
$50,000 to $59,999	43,120	34,410	795	25
$60,000 to $79,999	56,140	44,700	955	30
$80,000 to $99,999	34,250	27,040	600	40
$100,000 and over	34,725	27,690	650	40
$100,000 to $124,999	16,250	13,100	235	0
$125,000 and over	18,475	14,590	410	15
Median income $^{Footnote 93}	31,497	32,915	34,829	26,209
Average income $^{Footnote 94}	42,543	43,555	43,802	41,613
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 95}	588,190	443,850	9,850	560
Without after-tax income	29,305	21,985	355	0
With after-tax income	558,890	421,865	9,490	550
Under $5,000^{Footnote 96}	56,850	41,920	780	70
$5,000 to $9,999	39,575	30,040	565	35
$10,000 to $14,999	50,155	37,860	710	35
$15,000 to $19,999	51,540	36,950	785	70
$20,000 to $29,999	89,515	63,885	1,770	100
$30,000 to $39,999	79,320	59,825	1,435	70
$40,000 to $49,999	63,045	49,205	1,135	55
$50,000 to $59,999	42,300	33,630	765	30
$60,000 to $79,999	53,550	42,285	925	45
$80,000 to $99,999	16,915	13,540	295	0
$100,000 and over	16,120	12,720	325	20
Median after-tax income $^{Footnote 97}	28,957	30,038	31,483	25,264
Average after-tax income $^{Footnote 98}	35,584	36,261	36,650	34,122
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^{Footnote 99}	588,195	443,850	9,845	560
With employment income	401,020	313,385	6,335	380
Median employment income $^{Footnote 100}	33,714	33,928	39,066	30,397
Average employment income $^{Footnote 101}	43,860	44,036	46,370	44,577
With wages and salaries	373,435	293,460	6,060	370
Median wages and salaries $^{Footnote 102}	35,041	35,071	40,664	30,350
Average wages and salaries $^{Footnote 103}	44,200	44,292	47,233	37,754
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	378,725	295,480	5,860	325
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 104}	205,450	161,160	3,295	180
All others^{Footnote 105}	173,275	134,315	2,565	150

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

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Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

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Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 31

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Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 40

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Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 52

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Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 58

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Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 61

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Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 70

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Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

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Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

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Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

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Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 89

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Footnote 90

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Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 92

Including loss.

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Footnote 93

For population with income.

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Footnote 94

For population with income.

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Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 96

Including loss.

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Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

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Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

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Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011047.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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