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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8D)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Markham, T
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 20.7 %
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	300,140	270,565	2,260	2,740
0 to 4 years	16,425	13,900	100	35
5 to 9 years	17,290	16,810	135	210
10 to 14 years	18,805	18,155	80	480
15 to 19 years	21,235	20,560	105	415
20 to 24 years	20,585	19,850	80	345
25 to 29 years	19,225	18,280	55	210
30 to 34 years	17,870	16,905	110	160
35 to 39 years	21,015	19,660	225	165
40 to 44 years	23,095	21,285	155	170
45 to 49 years	25,150	22,510	220	115
50 to 54 years	23,615	21,290	175	100
55 to 59 years	21,565	19,165	220	110
60 to 64 years	18,565	16,130	175	85
65 to 69 years	12,695	10,185	130	30
70 to 74 years	8,810	6,695	100	50
75 to 79 years	6,680	4,375	70	45
80 to 84 years	4,595	2,865	70	0
85 years and over	2,915	1,945	45	0
Median age^{Footnote 3}	39.5	37.7	46.6	22.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^{Footnote 4}	247,615	221,695	1,940	2,005
Married or living with a common-law partner	155,995	138,030	1,390	830
Married (and not separated)	149,805	132,345	1,240	805
Living common law	6,190	5,690	145	25
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	91,620	83,660	550	1,170
Single (never legally married)	68,300	65,960	375	1,020
Separated	3,835	3,230	25	70
Divorced	9,235	7,705	80	45
Widowed	10,245	6,770	75	40
Total population in private households by mother tongue	300,135	270,565	2,260	2,735
Single responses	290,765	261,370	2,140	2,670
English	114,680	114,685	0	0
French	2,120	95	2,025	0
Non-official languages	173,965	146,595	115	2,675
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 5}	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 6}	161,625	135,385	105	2,475
Arabic	2,725	2,375	0	250
Bengali	650	635	0	0
Cantonese	48,855	38,500	0	665
Chinese, n.o.s.	28,705	22,475	0	395
Creoles	100	50	30	25
Dutch	310	310	0	0
German	1,040	1,025	0	20
Greek	3,500	3,375	0	0
Gujarati	5,045	4,555	0	40
Hindi	2,160	2,110	0	30
Hungarian	590	585	0	0
Italian	4,400	4,150	0	0
Korean	2,635	2,250	0	35
Mandarin	16,050	11,635	0	115
Panjabi (Punjabi)	4,525	4,110	0	55
Persian (Farsi)	5,885	5,180	0	280
Polish	640	600	0	20
Portuguese	625	610	0	0
Romanian	890	790	0	60
Russian	1,760	1,590	0	80
Serbian	370	315	0	30
Spanish	1,815	1,665	0	55
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,605	4,535	0	0
Tamil	16,330	14,945	0	170
Ukrainian	215	215	0	0
Urdu	6,210	5,980	0	75
Vietnamese	990	825	0	45
Other languages^{Footnote 7}	12,340	11,210	0	200
Multiple responses	9,370	9,190	120	65
English and French	165	100	0	55
English and non-official language	9,000	9,000	0	0
French and non-official language	150	40	110	0
English, French and non-official language	55	50	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 8}	300,140	270,565	2,260	2,735
English only	257,075	257,075	0	0
French only	95	0	100	0
English and French	17,875	12,985	2,150	2,735
Neither English nor French	25,085	500	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	300,135	270,560	2,260	2,735
Single responses	278,815	249,415	2,170	2,655
English	157,320	156,015	1,305	0
French	860	55	805	0
Non-official languages	120,640	93,345	65	2,650
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 9}	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 10}	115,095	88,705	60	2,450
Arabic	1,495	1,145	0	245
Bengali	465	445	0	0
Cantonese	41,575	30,405	0	690
Chinese, n.o.s.	20,195	14,465	0	365
Creoles	75	30	25	15
Dutch	65	70	0	0
German	120	105	0	0
Greek	1,255	1,135	0	0
Gujarati	2,895	2,425	0	40
Hindi	1,270	1,215	0	20
Hungarian	175	165	0	0
Italian	1,375	1,120	0	0
Korean	2,050	1,675	0	30
Mandarin	13,275	8,895	0	135
Panjabi (Punjabi)	2,855	2,480	0	50
Persian (Farsi)	4,400	3,695	0	275
Polish	180	140	0	20
Portuguese	125	115	0	0
Romanian	430	325	0	60
Russian	1,265	1,095	0	80
Serbian	220	160	0	25
Spanish	990	845	0	55
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,540	1,465	0	0
Tamil	12,475	11,115	0	170
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	3,840	3,575	0	75
Vietnamese	465	370	0	35
Other languages^{Footnote 11}	5,545	4,635	0	200
Multiple responses	21,320	21,145	85	85
English and French	155	80	25	50
English and non-official language	21,070	21,025	40	0
French and non-official language	20	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	75	35	0	35
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	300,140	270,565	2,260	2,735
None	209,635	184,665	1,065	935
English	45,275	42,645	485	1,610
French	1,605	1,040	520	45
Non-official language	42,395	41,150	130	80
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	42,400	41,150	135	75
English and French	175	90	0	75
English and non-official language	760	715	15	0
French and non-official language	285	255	20	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 12}	200,505	172,580	640	2,710
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^{Footnote 13}	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 14}	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	200,505	172,580	640	2,705
Italian	6,160	5,800	100	25
Portuguese	890	870	0	0
Romanian	965	860	0	60
Spanish	3,715	3,395	70	105
Dutch	460	465	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	1,790	1,730	25	25
Yiddish	350	340	0	0
Danish	140	125	0	0
Norwegian	60	60	0	0
Swedish	135	135	0	0
Afrikaans	440	445	0	0
Gaelic languages	40	45	0	0
Bosnian	60	50	0	0
Bulgarian	135	120	0	0
Croatian	265	260	0	0
Czech	125	115	0	0
Macedonian	1,860	1,830	0	0
Polish	730	685	0	25
Russian	2,350	2,160	0	80
Serbian	440	380	0	30
Serbo-Croatian	70	70	0	0
Slovak	175	165	0	0
Slovenian	175	175	0	0
Ukrainian	450	435	0	0
Latvian	25	20	0	0
Lithuanian	165	160	0	0
Greek	4,305	4,175	0	0
Armenian	1,770	1,565	15	110
Albanian	145	145	0	0
Estonian	80	80	0	0
Finnish	160	160	0	0
Hungarian	725	715	0	0
Turkish	605	545	0	25
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	195	190	0	0
Amharic	90	85	0	0
Arabic	3,840	3,375	70	280
Hebrew	1,035	975	20	25
Maltese	105	105	0	0
Tigrigna	30	30	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	140	120	0	0
Bengali	870	850	0	0
Gujarati	7,060	6,510	45	50
Hindi	9,080	8,690	25	90
Konkani	170	165	0	0
Marathi	210	215	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	6,595	6,200	0	55
Sindhi	865	845	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,095	1,055	0	0
Urdu	8,725	8,365	15	75
Nepali	20	20	0	0
Kurdish	85	85	0	0
Pashto	195	185	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	6,875	6,135	0	290
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	190	180	0	0
Kannada	85	85	0	0
Malayalam	765	750	0	0
Tamil	19,240	17,865	0	180
Telugu	230	215	0	0
Japanese	925	870	0	0
Korean	2,970	2,590	0	30
Cantonese	59,620	48,115	40	740
Fukien	365	245	0	0
Hakka	1,370	1,155	15	0
Mandarin	28,220	21,590	0	460
Taiwanese	690	645	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	28,680	22,840	25	345
Lao	110	105	0	0
Thai	145	135	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	60	0	0
Vietnamese	1,675	1,400	0	45
Bisayan languages	145	140	0	0
Ilocano	230	230	0	0
Malay	665	645	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	6,485	6,415	0	0
Akan (Twi)	75	75	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	30	0	30	0
Swahili	540	515	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	35	30	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	175	170	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	50	40	0	0
Creoles	510	280	195	35
Other non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 15}	990	785	0	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 16}	297,275	268,320	2,260	2,735
Non-movers	270,170	245,055	2,060	2,365
Movers	27,100	23,260	200	375
Non-migrants	13,185	11,435	50	155
Migrants	13,920	11,825	150	210
Internal migrants	9,475	8,420	115	155
Intraprovincial migrants	8,885	7,960	75	135
Interprovincial migrants	590	455	40	25
External migrants	4,445	3,405	30	55
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 17}	283,710	256,665	2,160	2,695
Non-movers	180,750	166,570	1,355	1,500
Movers	102,965	90,100	810	1,200
Non-migrants	47,490	42,740	225	375
Migrants	55,470	47,355	575	820
Internal migrants	38,710	34,605	390	580
Intraprovincial migrants	36,950	33,105	310	500
Interprovincial migrants	1,765	1,500	80	80
External migrants	16,755	12,750	190	245
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 18}	300,140	270,560	2,260	2,735
Canadian citizens	268,065	246,210	2,040	2,435
Canadian citizens only	251,180	231,205	1,905	2,090
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	16,880	15,005	135	350
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 19}	32,075	24,355	220	295
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 20}	300,140	270,565	2,260	2,735
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 21}	122,330	117,505	1,415	980
Born in province of residence	112,140	108,210	705	860
Born outside province of residence	10,195	9,300	710	115
Immigrants^{Footnote 22}	173,895	149,810	790	1,715
Americas	14,370	14,180	80	55
United States	1,985	1,965	15	0
Jamaica	4,110	4,105	0	0
Guyana	3,400	3,395	0	0
Haiti	65	0	60	0
Mexico	190	190	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,815	1,820	0	0
Colombia	350	315	0	0
El Salvador	120	120	0	0
Peru	235	220	0	0
Chile	75	75	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	2,015	1,965	0	25
Europe	17,300	16,425	215	165
United Kingdom^{Footnote 23}	4,005	3,980	0	25
Italy	3,120	2,880	0	0
Germany	745	735	0	0
Poland	535	520	0	0
Portugal	415	405	0	0
Netherlands	270	270	0	0
France	225	70	155	0
Romania	820	750	0	40
Russian Federation	685	635	0	30
Greece	2,180	2,080	0	0
Ukraine	610	565	0	0
Croatia	150	150	0	0
Hungary	410	410	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	175	155	0	0
Serbia	305	295	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	255	250	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	2,385	2,270	50	25
Africa	7,510	6,820	395	195
Morocco	110	25	75	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	1,255	1,095	55	95
South Africa, Republic of	1,340	1,340	0	0
Nigeria	395	395	0	0
Ethiopia	135	125	0	0
Kenya	1,110	1,085	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	3,145	2,745	265	85
Asia	134,405	112,110	100	1,285
India	13,330	12,435	0	90
China^{Footnote 24}	42,220	27,550	0	240
Philippines	6,535	6,410	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	31,000	28,205	0	335
Viet Nam^{Footnote 25}	3,260	2,650	0	50
Pakistan	5,270	5,090	0	35
Sri Lanka	13,655	12,590	0	55
Iran^{Footnote 26}	5,185	4,660	15	225
Korea, South^{Footnote 27}	2,345	2,040	0	30
Lebanon	540	435	20	70
Taiwan	2,220	2,025	0	15
Iraq	720	650	0	0
Bangladesh	435	420	0	0
Afghanistan	555	485	0	0
Japan	295	285	0	0
Turkey	410	355	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	6,435	5,815	35	100
Oceania and other^{Footnote 28}	315	275	0	0
Fiji	100	80	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 29}	215	195	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 30}	3,910	3,255	55	45
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^{Footnote 31}	18,375	13,680	135	175
Americas	1,080	1,035	0	0
United States	365	355	0	0
Mexico	65	65	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	140	140	0	0
Brazil	15	20	0	0
Colombia	85	65	0	0
Guyana	65	60	0	0
Peru	30	25	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 32}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	305	300	0	0
Europe	770	665	55	20
France	30	0	30	0
Germany	50	50	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	145	115	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 33}	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	65	55	0	0
Ukraine	95	75	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 34}	145	145	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	245	225	20	0
Africa	595	475	70	25
Nigeria	75	75	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	50	25	20	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	215	190	0	15
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	210	150	50	0
Asia	15,930	11,495	0	125
Philippines	765	765	0	0
China^{Footnote 35}	8,300	4,725	0	30
India	1,575	1,440	0	30
Pakistan	615	585	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 36}	1,040	885	0	0
South Korea^{Footnote 37}	365	305	0	0
Sri Lanka	1,460	1,210	0	0
Iraq	105	90	0	0
Bangladesh	70	70	0	0
Lebanon	50	40	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 38}	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	270	235	0	10
Afghanistan	40	30	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	30	30	0	0
Israel	75	60	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	600	525	0	0
United Arab Emirates	65	55	0	0
Saudi Arabia	25	30	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 39}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	440	395	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 40}	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 41}	300,140	270,565	2,260	2,740
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 42}	122,335	117,505	1,415	980
Immigrants^{Footnote 43}	173,895	149,805	790	1,715
Before 1971	14,830	14,090	190	40
1971 to 1980	22,030	20,680	125	150
1981 to 1990	33,385	29,195	125	340
1991 to 2000	60,215	51,405	135	605
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 44}	43,440	34,445	220	580
2001 to 2005	25,060	20,765	80	405
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 45}	18,375	13,680	135	175
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 46}	3,910	3,250	55	40
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 47}	300,140	270,565	2,260	2,735
First generation^{Footnote 48}	178,485	153,640	900	1,755
Second generation^{Footnote 49}	84,105	80,455	345	970
Third generation or more^{Footnote 50}	37,545	36,475	1,015	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	300,135	270,565	2,260	2,735
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 51}	490	425	65	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 52}	255	250	0	0
Métis single identity	175	120	55	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 53}	30	25	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 54}	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	299,650	270,140	2,195	2,735
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 55}	300,135	270,565	2,260	2,735
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 56}	135	135	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	300,005	270,435	2,260	2,740
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 57}	247,620	221,695	1,940	2,005
In the labour force	160,225	150,140	1,260	1,230
Employed	147,310	138,445	1,215	1,070
Unemployed	12,915	11,690	45	160
Not in the labour force	87,395	71,565	680	775
Participation rate	64.7	67.7	64.9	61.3
Employment rate	59.5	62.4	62.6	53.4
Unemployment rate	8.1	7.8	3.6	13.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	160,225	150,140	1,265	1,230
Class of Worker - Not applicable^{Footnote 58}	4,655	4,190	0	90
All Classes of Worker^{Footnote 59}	155,570	145,950	1,250	1,140
Employee	135,435	127,365	1,125	990
Self-employed	20,135	18,580	125	150
Self-employed (incorporated)	9,155	8,650	40	35
Without paid help	3,680	3,460	20	25
With paid help	5,475	5,190	20	10
Self-employed (unincorporated)	10,465	9,475	80	105
Without paid help	6,400	5,860	60	65
With paid help	4,065	3,615	20	40
Unpaid family worker	520	455	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	160,225	150,135	1,265	1,230
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 60}	4,655	4,190	0	90
All occupations^{Footnote 61}	155,570	145,945	1,250	1,135
0 Management occupations	20,335	19,365	225	110
00 Senior management occupations	2,470	2,330	60	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	8,490	8,265	100	50
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	6,750	6,350	35	50
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,630	2,420	25	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	33,035	32,020	255	195
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	10,130	9,880	80	60
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	8,645	8,410	85	30
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	2,435	2,340	20	0
14 Office support occupations	9,075	8,740	60	85
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,745	2,640	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	19,100	18,410	175	230
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	13,865	13,380	110	180
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	5,240	5,030	65	50
3 Health occupations	7,905	7,605	25	115
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,890	1,850	15	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	2,735	2,670	0	50
32 Technical occupations in health	2,165	2,045	0	55
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,105	1,050	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15,270	14,515	230	140
40 Professional occupations in education services	5,665	5,425	130	70
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	3,915	3,770	60	30
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,765	2,670	0	40
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	490	490	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	2,440	2,160	25	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,565	4,395	35	70
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,415	1,365	0	25
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,150	3,030	25	45
6 Sales and service occupations	36,220	32,925	220	240
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	5,515	5,345	45	45
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	5,740	4,450	35	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	7,680	7,220	35	65
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	7,775	7,255	80	80
66 Sales support occupations	3,900	3,650	0	10
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	5,610	4,995	0	40
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,455	9,410	55	25
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,345	3,025	30	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,190	2,040	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,580	1,415	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,790	2,485	10	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	555	445	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	985	920	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	200	160	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	90	80	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	700	675	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	7,700	6,390	25	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	655	575	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	2,865	2,355	15	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,380	2,120	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,795	1,340	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 62}	160,225	150,135	1,265	1,230
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 63}	4,655	4,190	0	95
All industries^{Footnote 64}	155,570	145,945	1,250	1,140
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	300	275	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	155	145	0	0
22 Utilities	1,125	1,095	0	0
23 Construction	5,605	5,070	50	0
31-33 Manufacturing	15,345	13,590	130	70
41 Wholesale trade	12,025	11,085	110	85
44-45 Retail trade	16,515	15,415	45	140
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,835	4,620	35	20
51 Information and cultural industries	5,855	5,695	60	40
52 Finance and insurance	15,975	15,440	205	150
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,190	4,040	45	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	18,600	17,940	165	210
55 Management of companies and enterprises	295	295	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	6,830	6,445	55	45
61 Educational services	10,370	10,000	180	115
62 Health care and social assistance	12,875	12,410	40	100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,120	2,070	0	20
72 Accommodation and food services	10,170	8,625	20	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	6,330	5,765	30	70
91 Public administration	6,040	5,925	45	20
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^{Footnote 65}	147,315	138,450	1,220	1,070
Usual place of work	120,785	114,295	975	850
Work in CSD of residence	37,000	35,020	240	265
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	16,600	15,800	135	65
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	66,955	63,260	600	520
Work in a different province	235	215	0	0
Worked at home	10,800	10,065	130	105
Worked outside Canada	1,215	1,010	0	0
No fixed workplace address	14,510	13,080	100	115
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^{Footnote 66}	135,295	127,375	1,080	970
Car, truck or van - as a driver	100,105	94,615	770	575
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	9,640	8,885	30	40
Public transit	21,495	20,135	250	325
Walked	2,425	2,270	15	0
Bicycle	345	290	0	0
Other methods	1,290	1,185	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^{Footnote 67}	170,165	159,245	1,365	1,275
English	150,780	146,950	1,115	1,120
French	330	165	150	15
Non-official language	13,695	7,305	0	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	13,695	7,305	0	35
English and French	410	240	95	80
English and non-official language	4,885	4,525	0	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	60	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^{Footnote 68}	170,160	159,240	1,365	1,280
None	151,115	142,240	855	1,050
English	4,615	3,770	115	35
French	1,395	935	380	55
Non-official language	12,680	12,010	0	110
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	12,680	12,010	0	110
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	210	175	0	0
French and non-official language	140	110	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 69}	247,615	221,700	1,940	2,005
No certificate, diploma or degree	40,610	28,190	225	320
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 70}	61,235	54,460	385	405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 71}	145,770	139,050	1,325	1,285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 72}	10,385	9,650	90	35
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^{Footnote 73}	6,185	5,735	30	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^{Footnote 74}	4,200	3,920	60	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	36,780	35,195	315	170
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 75}	16,515	15,675	115	130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	82,100	78,530	810	945
Bachelor's degree	53,795	51,490	455	500
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	9,670	9,260	100	125
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,060	1,935	0	35
Master's degree	14,985	14,385	205	245
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 76}	1,585	1,460	45	45
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 77}	145,775	139,050	1,325	1,280
Education	8,570	8,050	115	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,950	4,750	45	30
Humanities	8,870	8,360	120	85
Social and behavioural sciences and law	16,300	15,610	165	170
Business, management and public administration	40,400	39,020	340	315
Physical and life sciences and technologies	8,140	7,820	55	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	12,145	11,755	145	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	25,805	24,290	225	235
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,205	1,140	0	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 78}	15,190	14,260	85	235
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,185	3,995	25	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 79}	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^{Footnote 80}	145,770	139,050	1,325	1,285
Inside Canada	95,435	92,795	1,065	780
Newfoundland and Labrador	105	105	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	895	875	0	0
New Brunswick	235	230	0	0
Quebec	2,690	2,160	390	145
Ontario	89,200	87,205	640	625
Manitoba	450	435	0	0
Saskatchewan	290	280	0	0
Alberta	705	705	0	0
British Columbia	820	780	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	15	0	0	0
Outside Canada	50,340	46,255	260	500
Total population in private households by visible minority	300,135	270,565	2,260	2,735
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 81}	217,095	190,405	735	2,150
South Asian^{Footnote 82}	57,375	54,635	85	425
Chinese	114,950	93,310	250	1,185
Black	9,715	9,430	250	0
Filipino	9,020	8,900	0	0
Latin American	1,600	1,530	0	25
Arab	3,395	3,090	30	190
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 83}	2,750	2,540	0	40
West Asian^{Footnote 84}	6,185	5,610	0	180
Korean	3,160	2,810	0	35
Japanese	1,140	1,115	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 85}	2,000	1,975	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 86}	5,805	5,470	90	45
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 87}	83,045	80,155	1,530	585
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^{Footnote 88}	300,135	270,560	2,260	2,735
Total population - Single responses^{Footnote 89}	234,675	207,245	1,340	2,385
Total population - Multiple responses^{Footnote 90}	65,455	63,320	915	350
Canadian - Total responses	24,145	23,010	535	85
Canadian - Single responses	8,500	8,130	215	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	15,650	14,880	320	80
English- Total responses	23,065	22,820	230	0
English - Single responses	5,135	5,130	0	0
English - Multiple responses	17,935	17,690	230	0
French - Total responses	6,425	5,250	1,140	30
French - Single responses	685	185	490	0
French - Multiple responses	5,740	5,065	645	25
Scottish - Total responses	15,960	15,905	50	0
Scottish - Single responses	1,980	1,975	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	13,980	13,930	55	0
Irish - Total responses	15,070	14,965	95	0
Irish - Single responses	1,760	1,760	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	13,315	13,210	95	0
German - Total responses	7,480	7,375	50	30
German - Single responses	1,085	1,070	0	0
German - Multiple responses	6,395	6,310	45	15
Italian - Total responses	13,130	12,765	90	25
Italian - Single responses	8,250	7,990	20	0
Italian - Multiple responses	4,885	4,770	70	0
Chinese - Total responses	118,875	97,110	275	1,210
Chinese - Single responses	108,760	87,685	175	1,120
Chinese - Multiple responses	10,115	9,420	90	100
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	765	750	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	80	80	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	680	665	15	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	2,490	2,450	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	600	580	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,890	1,870	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	33,560	32,340	110	205
East Indian - Single responses	26,410	25,335	65	175
East Indian - Multiple responses	7,150	7,005	40	30
Dutch - Total responses	2,705	2,685	15	0
Dutch - Single responses	440	440	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	2,260	2,245	15	0
Polish- Total responses	4,620	4,495	65	35
Polish - Single responses	1,060	965	0	20
Polish - Multiple responses	3,565	3,530	15	0
Filipino - Total responses	9,955	9,840	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	6,970	6,875	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	2,990	2,965	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^{Footnote 91}	2,990	2,990	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^{Footnote 92}	585	585	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^{Footnote 93}	2,410	2,410	0	0
Russian- Total responses	4,240	4,085	0	65
Russian - Single responses	910	835	0	35
Russian - Multiple responses	3,325	3,250	0	35
Welsh - Total responses	1,520	1,500	25	0
Welsh - Single responses	85	85	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,435	1,410	25	0
Norwegian - Total responses	400	400	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	40	40	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	365	365	0	0
Métis - Total responses	275	210	65	0
Métis - Single responses	40	0	25	0
Métis - Multiple responses	235	195	40	0
Portuguese - Total responses	3,470	3,390	55	0
Portuguese - Single responses	1,070	1,060	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	2,400	2,335	50	0
American - Total responses	1,515	1,495	0	0
American - Single responses	140	140	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,375	1,355	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	3,255	3,105	55	30
Spanish - Single responses	380	330	0	15
Spanish - Multiple responses	2,875	2,775	55	0
Swedish - Total responses	390	390	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	385	385	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	1,585	1,560	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	585	580	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	995	980	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 94}	247,620	221,695	1,940	2,005
Without income	17,045	15,280	90	240
With income	230,575	206,420	1,850	1,765
Under $5,000^{Footnote 95}	34,075	29,710	130	385
$5,000 to $9,999	18,235	15,560	80	240
$10,000 to $14,999	21,180	17,030	140	145
$15,000 to $19,999	20,950	15,790	185	150
$20,000 to $29,999	27,050	24,020	175	150
$30,000 to $39,999	22,840	21,330	130	105
$40,000 to $49,999	18,385	17,485	140	135
$50,000 to $59,999	14,930	14,355	95	120
$60,000 to $79,999	20,980	20,285	315	75
$80,000 to $99,999	14,145	13,680	140	150
$100,000 and over	17,820	17,170	320	115
$100,000 to $124,999	7,985	7,695	120	55
$125,000 and over	9,835	9,480	200	55
Median income $^{Footnote 96}	27,157	30,475	45,799	19,590
Average income $^{Footnote 97}	42,610	44,870	63,624	34,645
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 98}	247,620	221,700	1,940	2,005
Without after-tax income	17,170	15,405	95	240
With after-tax income	230,450	206,290	1,850	1,765
Under $5,000^{Footnote 99}	34,400	30,030	135	380
$5,000 to $9,999	18,440	15,745	95	240
$10,000 to $14,999	21,575	17,380	135	150
$15,000 to $19,999	22,285	16,990	175	155
$20,000 to $29,999	31,185	27,925	225	185
$30,000 to $39,999	26,390	24,960	155	115
$40,000 to $49,999	21,640	20,620	155	160
$50,000 to $59,999	15,325	14,770	205	90
$60,000 to $79,999	21,990	21,240	270	180
$80,000 to $99,999	8,535	8,265	115	60
$100,000 and over	8,690	8,375	180	55
Median after-tax income $^{Footnote 100}	25,464	28,106	39,563	18,986
Average after-tax income $^{Footnote 101}	35,243	36,940	49,632	29,450
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^{Footnote 102}	247,620	221,695	1,945	2,005
With employment income	165,900	155,205	1,330	1,240
Median employment income $^{Footnote 103}	33,153	34,719	59,086	26,811
Average employment income $^{Footnote 104}	46,909	48,046	69,283	41,159
With wages and salaries	151,685	142,575	1,235	1,115
Median wages and salaries $^{Footnote 105}	35,291	36,554	62,125	29,140
Average wages and salaries $^{Footnote 106}	48,189	49,158	71,804	40,011
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	160,225	150,140	1,265	1,230
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 107}	86,540	82,075	725	615
All others^{Footnote 108}	73,685	68,060	535	610

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

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Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

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Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

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Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 34

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Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 43

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Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 55

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Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 61

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Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 64

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Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 73

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Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

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Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

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Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

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Footnote 93

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Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 95

Including loss.

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Footnote 96

For population with income.

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Footnote 97

For population with income.

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Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 99

Including loss.

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Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

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Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

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Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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