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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8D)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Halton
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 22.3 %
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	495,440	381,975	9,315	630
0 to 4 years	32,010	27,725	345	60
5 to 9 years	33,840	29,705	365	65
10 to 14 years	33,050	28,435	470	75
15 to 19 years	34,415	29,355	490	45
20 to 24 years	28,260	23,685	320	50
25 to 29 years	25,295	19,975	315	20
30 to 34 years	31,015	22,645	755	30
35 to 39 years	37,555	26,790	790	35
40 to 44 years	41,050	28,280	835	25
45 to 49 years	42,645	30,760	1,005	45
50 to 54 years	37,670	27,860	915	50
55 to 59 years	29,840	22,240	595	0
60 to 64 years	26,515	19,640	600	20
65 to 69 years	20,700	15,200	535	15
70 to 74 years	14,910	10,270	395	30
75 to 79 years	12,005	8,825	220	15
80 to 84 years	8,445	5,965	240	20
85 years and over	6,230	4,630	125	0
Median age^{Footnote 3}	39.1	36.9	44.8	30.2
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^{Footnote 4}	396,545	296,110	8,135	430
Married or living with a common-law partner	253,230	179,700	5,535	255
Married (and not separated)	228,490	158,695	4,800	205
Living common law	24,735	21,010	735	45
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	143,320	116,410	2,605	175
Single (never legally married)	96,465	81,070	1,365	125
Separated	10,195	7,885	290	0
Divorced	19,250	15,410	450	15
Widowed	17,410	12,050	495	35
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
English	479,705	381,970	600	425
French	9,010	0	8,715	35
English and French	2,620	0	0	170
Neither English nor French	4,110	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 5}	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
English only	443,565	351,870	600	45
French only	335	0	205	0
English and French	47,205	29,920	8,510	580
Neither English nor French	4,330	175	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
Single responses	480,385	378,105	9,055	525
English	431,145	375,875	5,710	425
French	3,655	240	3,265	35
Non-official languages	45,590	1,990	80	60
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 6}	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 7}	39,675	1,735	75	60
Arabic	2,165	55	0	0
Bengali	290	35	0	0
Cantonese	940	40	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,125	55	0	0
Creoles	50	0	0	0
Dutch	205	20	0	0
German	520	0	0	0
Greek	230	0	0	0
Gujarati	715	20	0	0
Hindi	585	20	0	0
Hungarian	350	0	0	0
Italian	1,310	45	0	0
Korean	2,405	115	0	0
Mandarin	1,565	55	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	2,625	105	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,090	80	0	0
Polish	4,145	70	0	0
Portuguese	2,335	65	0	0
Romanian	1,045	25	0	0
Russian	1,655	40	0	0
Serbian	1,050	0	0	0
Spanish	4,815	200	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,755	100	0	0
Tamil	600	55	0	0
Ukrainian	485	0	0	0
Urdu	3,900	450	0	0
Vietnamese	735	30	20	0
Other languages^{Footnote 8}	5,910	265	0	0
Multiple responses	15,055	3,875	255	105
English and French	505	170	205	105
English and non-official language	14,405	3,685	35	0
French and non-official language	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	105	15	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	495,440	381,975	9,315	630
None	428,650	368,700	4,795	465
English	25,735	1,355	2,090	25
French	5,880	3,195	2,200	100
Non-official language	34,175	8,535	140	40
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	34,160	8,525	140	45
English and French	200	0	25	0
English and non-official language	305	0	0	0
French and non-official language	495	165	50	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 9}	127,500	27,000	980	135
Aboriginal languages	70	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^{Footnote 10}	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 11}	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	127,440	26,955	975	135
Italian	10,695	3,285	135	0
Portuguese	8,315	1,730	25	0
Romanian	2,050	160	0	0
Spanish	12,375	3,500	315	0
Dutch	3,215	705	15	0
Flemish	105	20	0	0
German	7,505	2,090	170	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0
Danish	480	105	0	0
Norwegian	65	25	0	0
Swedish	285	35	0	0
Afrikaans	855	565	0	0
Gaelic languages	215	180	0	0
Bosnian	260	30	0	0
Bulgarian	485	0	0	0
Croatian	4,900	900	0	0
Czech	755	110	0	0
Macedonian	585	125	0	0
Polish	9,955	970	35	0
Russian	3,745	305	20	0
Serbian	2,430	220	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	275	30	0	0
Slovak	680	85	0	0
Slovenian	505	160	0	0
Ukrainian	2,190	335	0	0
Latvian	215	0	0	0
Lithuanian	550	55	0	0
Greek	2,065	575	15	0
Armenian	320	95	0	0
Albanian	640	80	0	0
Estonian	280	55	0	0
Finnish	320	40	0	0
Hungarian	1,570	250	0	0
Turkish	960	110	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	60	0	0	0
Amharic	100	0	0	0
Arabic	6,375	1,020	145	60
Hebrew	300	55	15	0
Maltese	275	100	0	0
Tigrigna	65	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	605	30	0	0
Bengali	835	130	0	0
Gujarati	2,090	455	0	0
Hindi	5,685	1,420	0	0
Konkani	170	70	0	0
Marathi	260	85	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	7,680	1,565	0	0
Sindhi	220	65	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	735	120	0	0
Urdu	8,735	2,015	0	0
Nepali	65	0	0	0
Kurdish	55	0	0	0
Pashto	355	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,330	335	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	280	10	0	0
Kannada	150	0	0	0
Malayalam	230	60	0	0
Tamil	1,545	420	0	0
Telugu	275	70	0	0
Japanese	905	405	0	0
Korean	3,230	290	0	0
Cantonese	2,320	350	0	0
Fukien	205	55	0	0
Hakka	30	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,750	320	0	0
Taiwanese	110	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,700	365	0	20
Lao	125	0	0	0
Thai	185	55	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	75	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,495	105	45	0
Bisayan languages	140	35	0	0
Ilocano	85	15	0	0
Malay	310	105	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5,670	1,015	0	0
Akan (Twi)	180	30	0	0
Lingala	70	0	60	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	495	180	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	105	25	20	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	260	130	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	75	40	0	0
Creoles	220	50	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 12}	1,835	790	25	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 13}	489,710	377,015	9,265	600
Non-movers	436,910	340,630	8,020	530
Movers	52,805	36,380	1,240	70
Non-migrants	22,930	17,540	665	40
Migrants	29,875	18,840	580	30
Internal migrants	25,630	17,140	420	25
Intraprovincial migrants	23,375	15,555	335	20
Interprovincial migrants	2,255	1,590	90	0
External migrants	4,245	1,705	155	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 14}	463,440	354,250	8,970	575
Non-movers	280,610	225,175	4,975	320
Movers	182,830	129,080	4,000	250
Non-migrants	75,945	61,085	1,565	75
Migrants	106,885	67,995	2,435	175
Internal migrants	90,590	62,135	2,150	170
Intraprovincial migrants	83,320	57,180	1,340	150
Interprovincial migrants	7,265	4,955	810	20
External migrants	16,295	5,860	285	0
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 15}	495,445	381,975	9,315	625
Canadian citizens	467,790	371,450	9,020	625
Canadian citizens only	446,480	362,480	8,820	620
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	21,310	8,970	205	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 16}	27,655	10,520	295	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 17}	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 18}	362,695	330,610	8,165	505
Born in province of residence	310,980	286,240	3,515	355
Born outside province of residence	51,715	44,365	4,645	145
Immigrants^{Footnote 19}	128,740	49,790	1,075	130
Americas	18,620	11,385	75	0
United States	5,340	4,710	20	0
Jamaica	2,510	2,450	0	0
Guyana	1,040	1,030	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	590	40	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,830	1,815	0	0
Colombia	1,845	120	0	0
El Salvador	300	20	0	0
Peru	840	35	0	0
Chile	370	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	3,935	1,145	20	0
Europe	62,065	27,745	610	15
United Kingdom^{Footnote 20}	23,770	23,160	45	0
Italy	3,785	320	0	0
Germany	3,165	560	15	0
Poland	6,740	195	0	0
Portugal	4,275	280	0	0
Netherlands	2,435	220	0	0
France	545	80	355	0
Romania	1,910	120	25	0
Russian Federation	1,490	130	0	0
Greece	675	65	0	0
Ukraine	945	90	0	0
Croatia	2,135	80	0	0
Hungary	820	40	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	985	25	0	0
Serbia	1,190	35	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	1,580	1,570	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	5,615	775	120	0
Africa	7,110	3,055	300	40
Morocco	120	30	20	0
Algeria	45	0	0	0
Egypt	1,835	225	65	0
South Africa, Republic of	1,780	1,445	0	0
Nigeria	470	265	0	0
Ethiopia	105	0	0	0
Kenya	735	380	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,025	700	200	30
Asia	40,335	7,100	90	70
India	9,290	2,335	0	0
China^{Footnote 21}	4,180	330	0	0
Philippines	5,190	1,085	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	1,180	90	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 22}	1,315	85	20	0
Pakistan	5,640	1,070	0	0
Sri Lanka	1,435	280	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 23}	1,175	60	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 24}	2,730	200	0	0
Lebanon	720	65	50	0
Taiwan	410	20	0	0
Iraq	980	20	0	0
Bangladesh	445	45	0	0
Afghanistan	615	35	0	0
Japan	340	50	0	0
Turkey	590	50	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	4,105	1,265	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 25}	600	505	0	0
Fiji	55	20	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 26}	545	480	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 27}	4,010	1,580	75	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^{Footnote 28}	14,575	4,235	145	0
Americas	3,245	1,230	0	0
United States	1,080	885	0	0
Mexico	225	0	0	0
Cuba	70	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	120	100	0	0
Brazil	125	0	0	0
Colombia	640	35	0	0
Guyana	45	45	0	0
Peru	220	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 29}	300	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	420	145	0	0
Europe	3,255	1,525	90	0
France	95	0	90	0
Germany	70	20	0	0
Poland	180	0	0	0
Romania	300	15	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 30}	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	290	60	0	0
Ukraine	115	20	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 31}	1,315	1,260	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	875	145	0	0
Africa	1,060	320	35	0
Nigeria	140	95	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	375	25	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	40	0	25	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	255	110	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	225	70	0	0
Asia	6,855	1,015	0	0
Philippines	1,360	260	0	0
China^{Footnote 32}	835	55	0	0
India	1,335	195	0	0
Pakistan	1,030	105	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 33}	165	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 34}	400	50	0	0
Sri Lanka	290	30	0	0
Iraq	225	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	105	0	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 35}	65	0	0	0
Taiwan	70	0	0	0
Afghanistan	40	0	0	0
Japan	60	0	0	0
Turkey	120	25	0	0
Israel	80	0	0	0
Nepal	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	15	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	80	40	0	0
Saudi Arabia	95	30	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 36}	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	325	145	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 37}	170	145	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 38}	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 39}	362,695	330,610	8,165	505
Immigrants^{Footnote 40}	128,740	49,790	1,075	130
Before 1971	31,005	16,615	255	20
1971 to 1980	19,110	10,520	140	0
1981 to 1990	18,270	6,480	125	0
1991 to 2000	26,360	6,860	295	10
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 41}	33,990	9,315	260	65
2001 to 2005	19,415	5,085	110	65
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 42}	14,575	4,235	140	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 43}	4,010	1,580	75	0
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 44}	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
First generation^{Footnote 45}	134,270	52,710	1,170	125
Second generation^{Footnote 46}	131,885	108,645	830	160
Third generation or more^{Footnote 47}	229,295	220,615	7,320	345
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 48}	4,010	3,680	290	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 49}	2,490	2,375	90	0
Métis single identity	1,310	1,105	195	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	70	60	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 50}	25	20	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 51}	115	115	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	491,435	378,295	9,025	625
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 52}	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 53}	1,340	1,245	80	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	494,105	380,730	9,230	630
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 54}	396,550	296,115	8,135	430
In the labour force	281,625	212,905	5,705	285
Employed	263,850	199,170	5,420	260
Unemployed	17,770	13,735	285	20
Not in the labour force	114,925	83,205	2,430	150
Participation rate	71.0	71.9	70.1	66.3
Employment rate	66.5	67.3	66.6	60.5
Unemployment rate	6.3	6.5	5.0	7.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	281,625	212,905	5,710	280
Class of Worker - Not applicable^{Footnote 55}	5,095	3,780	80	0
All Classes of Worker^{Footnote 56}	276,530	209,120	5,625	275
Employee	246,145	187,975	4,985	250
Self-employed	30,390	21,150	640	30
Self-employed (incorporated)	12,455	8,450	240	0
Without paid help	5,165	3,645	125	0
With paid help	7,285	4,805	115	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	17,200	12,180	400	0
Without paid help	11,845	8,700	335	0
With paid help	5,355	3,485	60	0
Unpaid family worker	735	520	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	281,625	212,905	5,705	280
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 57}	5,095	3,780	80	0
All occupations^{Footnote 58}	276,535	209,125	5,625	275
0 Management occupations	46,455	35,555	970	70
00 Senior management occupations	6,725	5,415	120	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	18,680	14,410	400	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	13,640	10,140	265	40
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	7,410	5,585	185	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	52,120	40,360	1,035	60
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	14,015	10,535	340	40
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	16,195	12,765	345	10
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	3,500	2,675	55	0
14 Office support occupations	13,010	10,125	190	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	5,400	4,265	110	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	23,270	14,940	495	25
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	14,895	9,005	270	25
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	8,375	5,935	225	0
3 Health occupations	13,740	10,205	190	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	4,145	3,365	45	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	4,040	2,825	60	0
32 Technical occupations in health	3,670	2,785	55	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,880	1,230	20	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	33,345	25,985	815	20
40 Professional occupations in education services	12,870	10,105	385	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	7,390	5,780	215	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	5,610	4,420	65	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	3,205	2,800	60	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	4,270	2,875	85	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	8,125	6,695	235	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	2,300	1,870	70	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,825	4,830	165	0
6 Sales and service occupations	61,745	47,755	1,245	55
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	9,125	6,990	175	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	6,125	4,420	90	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	15,960	12,750	290	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	12,365	9,530	395	0
66 Sales support occupations	7,935	6,435	135	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	10,240	7,630	155	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	26,055	19,200	490	30
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	9,325	6,485	190	25
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	5,625	4,325	100	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	3,320	2,540	100	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	5,900	4,350	80	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,890	1,495	15	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,120	2,745	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	565	495	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	440	380	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	2,115	1,865	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	8,555	5,685	135	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,290	900	25	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	2,235	1,585	30	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	3,155	1,980	60	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,875	1,220	20	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 59}	281,620	212,905	5,705	280
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 60}	5,090	3,780	80	0
All industries^{Footnote 61}	276,530	209,125	5,625	275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,740	1,320	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	660	495	30	0
22 Utilities	1,845	1,345	35	0
23 Construction	14,465	10,395	320	0
31-33 Manufacturing	28,415	20,220	540	30
41 Wholesale trade	19,865	15,380	490	50
44-45 Retail trade	31,255	24,155	560	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	12,595	9,000	400	0
51 Information and cultural industries	7,795	5,970	210	0
52 Finance and insurance	21,655	16,050	470	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	6,295	4,740	60	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	27,175	20,335	560	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	475	345	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10,675	8,210	145	0
61 Educational services	21,095	16,685	625	20
62 Health care and social assistance	23,260	17,355	355	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	5,520	4,820	130	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15,280	11,590	280	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	11,480	8,515	185	0
91 Public administration	14,995	12,200	230	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^{Footnote 62}	263,850	199,170	5,420	260
Usual place of work	218,470	165,960	4,440	225
Work in CSD of residence	79,645	63,095	1,520	105
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	26,255	20,590	475	45
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	112,000	81,860	2,395	80
Work in a different province	575	415	50	0
Worked at home	20,650	15,230	440	15
Worked outside Canada	1,070	720	0	0
No fixed workplace address	23,660	17,260	530	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^{Footnote 63}	242,135	183,210	4,970	250
Car, truck or van - as a driver	193,885	146,475	4,080	175
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	13,375	10,560	225	0
Public transit	23,120	16,965	475	40
Walked	7,910	6,395	125	0
Bicycle	1,325	1,125	0	0
Other methods	2,510	1,690	50	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^{Footnote 64}	298,180	225,760	5,995	310
English	293,370	224,710	5,070	280
French	1,020	300	540	0
Non-official language	1,325	75	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,325	75	0	0
English and French	1,115	450	370	25
English and non-official language	1,230	195	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	110	30	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^{Footnote 65}	298,175	225,755	5,995	310
None	285,880	221,850	3,735	260
English	1,230	225	320	0
French	5,725	2,945	1,890	45
Non-official language	5,065	665	25	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,060	665	25	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	265	65	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 66}	396,545	296,110	8,135	430
No certificate, diploma or degree	50,990	38,200	995	60
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 67}	98,135	78,195	1,750	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 68}	247,420	179,715	5,390	255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 69}	22,415	16,365	470	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^{Footnote 70}	11,925	8,735	265	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^{Footnote 71}	10,490	7,630	205	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	86,290	67,555	1,695	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 72}	19,105	12,720	580	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	119,615	83,075	2,650	100
Bachelor's degree	76,675	55,625	1,720	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	14,795	9,740	355	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,895	1,780	35	0
Master's degree	22,295	14,250	475	25
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 73}	2,955	1,675	60	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 74}	247,425	179,720	5,390	255
Education	16,960	13,120	575	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10,240	7,925	180	15
Humanities	15,645	11,510	365	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30,840	23,715	645	35
Business, management and public administration	64,650	47,780	1,645	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	11,100	7,375	210	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	11,665	7,660	130	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	43,385	27,750	860	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,070	2,190	50	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 75}	28,415	21,690	470	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	11,410	8,955	255	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 76}	40	40	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^{Footnote 77}	247,420	179,715	5,390	255
Inside Canada	196,695	159,890	4,910	220
Newfoundland and Labrador	1,120	1,100	0	0
Prince Edward Island	225	200	0	0
Nova Scotia	2,850	2,580	65	0
New Brunswick	1,355	1,040	245	0
Quebec	7,100	4,455	1,430	25
Ontario	177,725	145,505	3,025	195
Manitoba	1,580	1,180	30	0
Saskatchewan	690	520	0	0
Alberta	2,110	1,705	105	0
British Columbia	1,905	1,575	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	15	0	0	0
Nunavut	20	25	0	0
Outside Canada	50,725	19,825	475	30
Total population in private households by visible minority	495,445	381,975	9,315	630
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 78}	89,855	39,880	650	115
South Asian^{Footnote 79}	31,860	13,905	45	0
Chinese	11,170	3,590	35	25
Black	10,970	9,525	325	0
Filipino	7,990	3,325	0	0
Latin American	6,320	870	0	0
Arab	5,945	1,545	135	10
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 80}	2,865	1,020	70	0
West Asian^{Footnote 81}	2,435	430	0	0
Korean	3,680	775	0	0
Japanese	1,435	1,000	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 82}	1,815	1,580	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 83}	3,355	2,315	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 84}	405,590	342,095	8,660	515
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^{Footnote 85}	495,440	381,975	9,315	630
Total population - Single responses^{Footnote 86}	254,130	162,060	4,905	265
Total population - Multiple responses^{Footnote 87}	241,310	219,915	4,415	365
Canadian - Total responses	117,145	110,475	4,120	195
Canadian - Single responses	44,490	42,475	1,560	60
Canadian - Multiple responses	72,655	67,990	2,560	135
English - Total responses	142,490	141,035	650	165
English - Single responses	31,595	31,405	135	0
English - Multiple responses	110,900	109,630	520	165
French - Total responses	42,745	35,525	6,120	270
French - Single responses	4,110	1,715	2,355	25
French - Multiple responses	38,635	33,815	3,765	240
Scottish - Total responses	99,185	98,375	595	80
Scottish - Single responses	12,330	12,270	20	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	86,855	86,110	575	70
Irish - Total responses	93,480	92,305	875	90
Irish - Single responses	10,450	10,355	50	20
Irish - Multiple responses	83,035	81,950	820	75
German - Total responses	45,280	39,595	350	85
German - Single responses	6,580	3,715	0	0
German - Multiple responses	38,700	35,875	345	85
Italian - Total responses	40,495	31,845	350	35
Italian - Single responses	15,825	9,040	55	0
Italian - Multiple responses	24,670	22,810	300	35
Chinese - Total responses	14,445	5,855	40	30
Chinese - Single responses	9,575	2,250	0	30
Chinese - Multiple responses	4,870	3,600	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	6,635	6,205	390	15
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	470	440	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	6,165	5,765	360	15
Ukrainian - Total responses	17,685	14,665	100	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	3,405	1,970	20	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	14,270	12,700	85	0
East Indian - Total responses	23,360	11,465	35	0
East Indian - Single responses	17,095	7,105	25	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	6,260	4,355	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	22,340	19,160	155	0
Dutch - Single responses	6,960	4,610	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	15,380	14,550	145	0
Polish - Total responses	26,590	16,665	95	30
Polish - Single responses	10,560	2,505	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	16,035	14,160	65	25
Filipino - Total responses	9,120	4,175	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	6,015	2,010	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	3,105	2,165	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^{Footnote 88}	18,085	17,820	125	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^{Footnote 89}	5,015	4,980	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^{Footnote 90}	13,065	12,835	115	0
Russian - Total responses	6,445	3,925	0	0
Russian - Single responses	1,410	340	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	5,040	3,580	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	10,255	10,135	20	25
Welsh - Single responses	865	825	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	9,390	9,315	20	25
Norwegian - Total responses	2,370	2,290	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	230	200	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	2,135	2,090	0	0
Métis - Total responses	1,710	1,470	225	0
Métis - Single responses	105	85	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	1,600	1,385	205	0
Portuguese - Total responses	16,160	9,395	25	0
Portuguese - Single responses	9,250	3,380	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	6,910	6,020	15	0
American - Total responses	6,730	6,570	30	0
American - Single responses	560	555	0	0
American - Multiple responses	6,170	6,015	30	0
Spanish - Total responses	7,700	3,830	55	0
Spanish - Single responses	1,165	230	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	6,540	3,600	50	0
Swedish - Total responses	3,350	3,085	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	260	150	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	3,090	2,935	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	7,105	5,260	20	0
Hungarian - Single responses	1,890	880	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	5,210	4,385	15	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 91}	396,545	296,110	8,135	430
Without income	18,355	13,755	265	15
With income	378,195	282,355	7,870	415
Under $5,000^{Footnote 92}	38,095	27,530	690	55
$5,000 to $9,999	24,495	18,375	505	25
$10,000 to $14,999	26,130	19,570	430	0
$15,000 to $19,999	23,510	16,580	420	30
$20,000 to $29,999	40,150	28,775	720	70
$30,000 to $39,999	38,035	28,220	700	45
$40,000 to $49,999	35,195	25,785	875	25
$50,000 to $59,999	30,770	23,525	750	40
$60,000 to $79,999	44,290	33,880	880	40
$80,000 to $99,999	31,165	23,800	730	20
$100,000 and over	46,365	36,325	1,165	50
$100,000 to $124,999	18,760	14,720	420	35
$125,000 and over	27,605	21,605	750	20
Median income $^{Footnote 93}	39,662	40,617	45,002	32,942
Average income $^{Footnote 94}	56,518	58,174	62,761	54,350
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 95}	396,550	296,115	8,135	430
Without after-tax income	18,405	13,795	265	15
With after-tax income	378,145	282,315	7,870	420
Under $5,000^{Footnote 96}	39,000	28,260	720	65
$5,000 to $9,999	25,345	19,030	535	25
$10,000 to $14,999	26,835	20,095	450	25
$15,000 to $19,999	25,695	18,245	375	20
$20,000 to $29,999	46,435	33,615	930	70
$30,000 to $39,999	48,190	35,370	1,015	50
$40,000 to $49,999	42,435	32,010	995	40
$50,000 to $59,999	32,655	24,925	625	55
$60,000 to $79,999	47,320	36,140	1,160	15
$80,000 to $99,999	20,365	15,780	445	0
$100,000 and over	23,875	18,840	615	30
Median after-tax income $^{Footnote 97}	35,340	36,177	38,919	30,619
Average after-tax income $^{Footnote 98}	44,810	45,810	48,839	44,189
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^{Footnote 99}	396,545	296,110	8,135	435
With employment income	297,175	225,885	6,045	310
Median employment income $^{Footnote 100}	41,531	41,644	49,048	34,489
Average employment income $^{Footnote 101}	57,844	58,469	65,539	59,153
With wages and salaries	275,270	210,420	5,665	280
Median wages and salaries $^{Footnote 102}	43,664	43,489	50,154	37,346
Average wages and salaries $^{Footnote 103}	58,806	59,069	67,328	55,336
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	281,625	212,905	5,705	285
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 104}	166,605	125,530	3,290	180
All others^{Footnote 105}	115,020	87,375	2,410	100

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

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Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

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Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 31

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Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 40

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Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 52

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Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 58

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Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 61

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Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 70

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Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

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Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

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Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

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Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 89

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Footnote 90

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Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 92

Including loss.

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Footnote 93

For population with income.

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Footnote 94

For population with income.

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Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 96

Including loss.

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Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

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Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

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Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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