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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Income and Earnings Statistics in 2010 (16), Age Groups (8C), Sex (3), Work activity in 2010 (3), Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree (6) and Selected Sociocultural Characteristics (60) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8C)

Sex (3)

Work activity in 2010 (3)

Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6)^{Footnote 1}

This table details income and earnings statistics in 2010 , age groups , sex , work activity in 2010 , highest certificate, diploma or degree and selected sociocultural characteristics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Vancouver
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 24.4 %
Selected sociocultural characteristics (60)	Income and earnings statistics in 2010 (16)
Selected sociocultural characteristics (60)	Total - Income statistics in 2010^Footnote 3	Without income	With income	Median income^Footnote 4	Average income^Footnote 5	Without after-tax income	With after-tax income	Median after-tax income^Footnote 6	Average after-tax income^Footnote 7	Total - Employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 8	With employment income	Median employment income^Footnote 9	Average employment income^Footnote 10	With wages and salaries	Median wages and salaries^Footnote 11	Average wages and salaries^Footnote 12
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	1,926,225	108,750	1,817,470	28,726	41,031	108,985	1,817,240	26,796	34,728	1,926,225	1,331,815	32,426	43,253	1,226,995	34,072	43,903
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 13}	40,230	2,990	37,235	22,326	31,799	2,990	37,240	21,568	27,997	40,230	27,340	26,747	34,314	25,855	26,997	34,370
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 14}	23,645	1,960	21,685	19,862	28,694	1,960	21,690	19,370	25,604	23,645	15,445	24,578	31,225	14,610	24,721	31,443
Métis single identity	14,770	890	13,880	27,911	36,237	890	13,880	25,900	31,420	14,770	10,735	29,954	38,229	10,145	30,275	38,004
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	285	45	245	20,318	24,907	45	245	19,464	23,102	290	185	19,932	26,715	175	19,933	26,528
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 15}	495	85	405	21,576	29,396	85	405	21,573	26,282	495	290	32,865	31,702	290	32,843	31,553
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 16}	1,035	15	1,020	32,562	40,059	15	1,020	31,191	34,167	1,035	685	37,892	45,803	640	41,934	47,061
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,886,000	105,765	1,780,235	28,897	41,224	106,000	1,780,000	26,918	34,869	1,886,000	1,304,480	32,582	43,440	1,201,140	34,281	44,108
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 17}	1,926,225	108,755	1,817,475	28,726	41,031	108,990	1,817,240	26,796	34,728	1,926,230	1,331,820	32,426	43,253	1,226,990	34,072	43,903
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 18}	16,160	1,180	14,985	18,199	26,450	1,180	14,980	17,783	23,911	16,160	9,905	23,947	30,675	9,515	23,950	30,606
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,910,070	107,575	1,802,490	28,854	41,152	107,805	1,802,260	26,888	34,818	1,910,070	1,321,915	32,506	43,347	1,217,480	34,185	44,007
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 19}	1,926,230	108,755	1,817,475	28,726	41,031	108,990	1,817,240	26,796	34,728	1,926,225	1,331,820	32,426	43,253	1,226,995	34,072	43,903
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 20}	50,370	3,390	46,980	25,201	34,950	3,395	46,975	23,996	30,307	50,370	35,940	28,356	36,794	33,610	28,858	37,087
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 21}	36,115	2,560	33,560	23,296	33,581	2,560	33,555	22,330	29,269	36,120	25,070	27,115	35,623	23,410	27,315	35,827
Métis ancestry	15,415	910	14,510	29,718	38,284	910	14,510	27,434	32,864	15,420	11,660	31,857	39,623	10,955	32,926	40,052
Inuit ancestry	490	75	415	13,240	23,035	80	415	13,240	20,936	495	290	21,026	27,143	270	23,561	27,543
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 22}	1,875,860	105,365	1,770,490	28,837	41,192	105,595	1,770,265	26,880	34,846	1,875,855	1,295,880	32,556	43,432	1,193,385	34,248	44,095
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 23}	1,926,225	108,755	1,817,475	28,726	41,031	108,990	1,817,240	26,796	34,728	1,926,230	1,331,820	32,426	43,253	1,226,995	34,072	43,903
First generation^{Footnote 24}	922,830	50,500	872,330	23,387	35,032	50,620	872,210	22,431	30,262	922,830	584,690	29,128	39,207	531,620	30,612	40,358
Second generation^{Footnote 25}	405,035	30,700	374,345	32,508	45,019	30,740	374,300	29,954	37,683	405,035	286,370	33,482	44,620	267,230	34,869	44,662
Third generation or more^{Footnote 26}	598,360	27,555	570,800	36,081	47,582	27,635	570,725	32,601	39,616	598,360	460,760	36,948	47,537	428,145	38,204	47,832
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 27}	1,926,225	108,755	1,817,470	28,726	41,031	108,985	1,817,235	26,796	34,728	1,926,230	1,331,815	32,426	43,253	1,226,995	34,072	43,903
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 28}	846,195	66,745	779,450	20,866	31,232	66,845	779,350	20,277	27,346	846,195	543,215	27,052	35,665	502,785	28,314	36,388
South Asian^{Footnote 29}	198,300	14,595	183,705	23,088	32,741	14,615	183,685	22,127	28,652	198,300	133,975	27,405	35,999	123,900	28,285	36,395
Chinese	354,285	26,645	327,635	18,540	30,486	26,705	327,580	18,173	26,637	354,285	209,685	26,689	36,595	193,350	28,022	37,427
Black	16,940	1,465	15,480	26,616	35,214	1,465	15,480	25,512	30,728	16,940	11,835	31,222	37,522	11,130	32,268	38,271
Filipino	89,725	6,880	82,845	27,559	32,368	6,890	82,835	25,674	28,678	89,725	69,380	29,813	33,710	67,180	30,244	34,104
Latin American	24,525	2,170	22,355	23,132	30,552	2,170	22,350	22,218	26,852	24,525	17,295	27,144	33,534	15,900	28,219	34,287
Arab	9,090	890	8,205	15,349	29,182	890	8,205	15,211	25,176	9,095	5,010	27,344	39,077	4,510	30,231	40,111
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 30}	36,000	3,040	32,965	21,050	28,415	3,040	32,960	20,445	25,279	36,000	24,440	24,714	31,576	22,290	25,851	32,605
West Asian^{Footnote 31}	31,725	2,735	28,995	17,168	30,409	2,730	28,995	16,768	26,314	31,725	19,670	22,783	36,527	17,515	24,917	38,148
Korean	40,440	4,875	35,560	13,779	24,220	4,885	35,550	13,656	21,631	40,435	21,290	20,135	30,462	18,610	21,616	31,666
Japanese	23,445	1,505	21,935	27,233	39,105	1,505	21,940	25,576	33,256	23,440	15,195	30,115	41,982	13,945	32,113	43,306
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 32}	3,310	245	3,070	25,647	35,195	245	3,070	25,238	30,501	3,310	2,345	31,603	37,615	2,215	31,987	37,934
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 33}	18,410	1,700	16,710	23,583	32,724	1,700	16,710	22,448	28,553	18,410	13,090	27,403	34,682	12,240	28,871	35,471
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 34}	1,080,025	42,010	1,038,020	35,582	48,388	42,140	1,037,885	32,328	40,272	1,080,030	788,605	36,988	48,479	724,210	38,782	49,120
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 35}	1,926,230	108,755	1,817,475	28,726	41,031	108,985	1,817,240	26,796	34,728	1,926,230	1,331,820	32,426	43,253	1,226,995	34,072	43,903
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 36}	1,009,070	58,670	950,405	34,819	46,613	58,785	950,285	31,583	38,877	1,009,070	751,575	35,780	46,435	699,500	36,865	46,615
Immigrants^{Footnote 37}	870,035	45,960	824,080	24,023	35,451	46,075	823,965	22,974	30,662	870,035	555,150	29,587	39,266	503,440	31,083	40,486
Before 1981	229,520	3,015	226,505	31,277	45,514	3,030	226,485	29,118	38,466	229,515	127,210	37,049	48,775	111,785	40,138	51,433
1981 to 1990	126,010	2,145	123,865	27,613	38,368	2,180	123,830	26,147	33,099	126,015	88,145	35,883	43,646	79,615	37,999	45,354
1991 to 2000	261,325	11,545	249,780	21,546	31,460	11,565	249,755	20,878	27,699	261,320	175,590	28,654	36,727	159,375	30,088	37,728
2001 to 2009	221,790	18,515	203,275	19,644	28,452	18,550	203,235	19,127	25,065	221,790	150,570	23,412	32,238	139,630	24,039	32,827
2001 to 2005	123,420	9,505	113,915	21,158	29,767	9,540	113,885	20,502	26,203	123,425	85,465	25,069	33,556	78,635	26,282	34,295
2006 to 2009	98,365	9,010	89,355	17,963	26,775	9,010	89,355	17,626	23,615	98,365	65,100	21,060	30,508	60,995	21,583	30,936
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 38}	1,926,230	108,750	1,817,470	28,726	41,031	108,990	1,817,240	26,796	34,728	1,926,230	1,331,820	32,426	43,253	1,226,995	34,072	43,903
English	1,042,925	51,115	991,815	35,394	47,771	51,215	991,715	32,138	39,760	1,042,925	774,470	36,350	47,667	717,270	37,762	48,002
French	23,170	655	22,520	35,851	48,369	695	22,480	32,526	40,097	23,175	16,690	38,008	48,180	15,300	39,645	48,868
Non-official language	822,770	53,480	769,295	21,725	32,463	53,570	769,200	21,031	28,328	822,770	514,545	27,736	36,837	469,680	29,511	37,890
Aboriginal	775	20	755	16,835	23,738	15	755	16,835	21,727	770	325	19,506	31,035	310	19,807	32,265
Non-Aboriginal	821,995	53,460	768,540	21,736	32,472	53,550	768,445	21,040	28,335	822,000	514,220	27,741	36,841	469,370	29,517	37,894
English and French	1,190	60	1,130	28,303	35,346	60	1,130	25,389	30,844	1,190	865	24,811	34,747	790	26,964	36,174
English and non-official language	35,000	3,385	31,610	25,046	33,228	3,390	31,610	23,771	29,087	34,995	24,390	28,942	35,600	23,180	29,907	36,142
French and non-official language	1,025	60	970	25,338	36,929	60	970	24,572	31,988	1,025	750	25,200	37,718	670	28,312	38,389
English, French and non-official language	140	0	135	18,852	23,989	0	140	18,852	21,554	140	115	21,625	26,315	110	21,623	27,114
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 39}	1,926,230	108,755	1,817,470	28,726	41,031	108,990	1,817,240	26,796	34,728	1,926,225	1,331,820	32,426	43,253	1,226,995	34,072	43,903
English	1,786,760	100,685	1,686,075	30,376	42,258	100,850	1,685,915	28,188	35,676	1,786,765	1,270,460	33,120	43,767	1,171,370	34,849	44,408
French	23,205	740	22,465	35,443	48,158	785	22,425	32,192	39,907	23,205	16,735	37,493	48,055	15,295	39,122	48,590
English and French	11,065	1,580	9,490	21,525	35,159	1,575	9,490	20,840	30,594	11,065	7,085	26,288	38,419	6,610	27,305	38,406
Neither English nor French	105,195	5,750	99,450	14,886	19,177	5,780	99,410	14,776	17,876	105,195	37,540	18,019	24,615	33,720	18,870	25,318

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative).

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

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Footnote 4

For population with income.

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Footnote 5

For population with income.

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Footnote 6

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 7

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 8

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

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Footnote 9

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 10

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 11

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 12

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 13

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 14

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 15

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 16

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 17

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Footnote 18

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 19

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 20

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 21

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Footnote 22

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 23

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 24

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 25

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 26

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 27

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 28

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 29

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 30

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 31

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 33

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 34

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 35

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 36

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 38

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 39

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011041.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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