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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Kelowna
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 27.8 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	150,325	137,450	12,875	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
Male	72,355	63,145	9,210	67,325	5,035	71,400	955
Female	77,965	74,305	3,665	76,470	1,490	77,655	310
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	150,320	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,270
15 to 24 years	22,550	22,485	60	22,535	0	22,545	0
25 to 54 years	70,165	62,055	8,110	66,105	4,060	69,445	730
25 to 34 years	20,725	19,555	1,175	20,265	460	20,695	30
35 to 44 years	21,590	18,885	2,710	20,255	1,335	21,380	205
45 to 54 years	27,850	23,620	4,235	25,585	2,265	27,360	485
55 to 64 years	25,160	21,980	3,175	23,550	1,610	24,850	310
65 years and over	32,445	30,920	1,525	31,610	835	32,215	230
65 to 74 years	17,625	16,610	1,020	17,035	595	17,455	175
75 years and over	14,820	14,310	505	14,575	245	14,765	60
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	150,325	137,450	12,875	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,270
Married or living with a common-law partner	91,755	81,385	10,365	86,355	5,400	90,665	1,090
Married (and not separated)	77,680	68,370	9,300	72,715	4,965	76,650	1,025
Living common law	14,075	13,010	1,065	13,640	435	14,015	65
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	58,570	56,065	2,505	57,440	1,130	58,395	175
Single (never legally married)	35,080	34,225	855	34,740	340	35,060	20
Separated	4,405	4,040	360	4,195	210	4,370	35
Divorced	10,920	10,025	895	10,525	385	10,850	65
Widowed	8,165	7,775	395	7,975	190	8,110	55
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	150,320	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,530	149,055	1,270
Total persons in households with at least one census family	121,425	110,270	11,155	115,755	5,665	120,295	1,125
Married spouses, common-law partners	90,895	80,565	10,330	85,510	5,380	89,810	1,080
Lone parents	7,060	6,555	510	6,875	190	7,030	35
Children in families with two parents present	13,755	13,660	90	13,735	25	13,745	0
Children in families with one parent present	5,120	5,110	20	5,125	0	5,120	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	2,065	2,010	55	2,040	25	2,055	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	2,530	2,380	150	2,480	50	2,530	0
Total persons in non-census family households	28,895	27,180	1,720	28,040	855	28,760	140
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	1,050	1,005	50	1,025	25	1,050	0
Living with non-relatives only	7,890	7,695	200	7,815	75	7,865	0
Living alone	19,960	18,485	1,470	19,195	760	19,840	115
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	150,325	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
Economic family persons	119,945	108,890	11,050	114,300	5,640	118,820	1,130
Couple family	106,170	95,760	10,415	100,765	5,410	105,080	1,090
Couple only	48,765	44,625	4,140	46,635	2,135	48,305	465
Couple with children	55,230	49,075	6,150	52,040	3,185	54,630	600
Couple with other relatives only	2,175	2,050	125	2,090	85	2,140	30
Lone-parent family	11,455	10,930	525	11,265	190	11,415	40
Female-parent family	9,165	8,800	365	9,045	115	9,135	30
Female-parent family with no other relatives	8,595	8,235	355	8,480	105	8,565	25
Male-parent family	2,290	2,130	160	2,215	75	2,280	0
Male-parent family with no other relatives	2,225	2,075	150	2,160	65	2,215	0
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	2,320	2,210	115	2,275	45	2,320	0
Persons not in an economic family	30,375	28,555	1,820	29,495	885	30,235	140
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	150,320	137,450	12,875	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	6,085	5,710	380	5,930	160	6,065	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	2,730	2,585	150	2,695	35	2,725	0
Métis single identity	3,170	2,965	210	3,055	115	3,155	15
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	55	50	0	55	0	50	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	55	50	0	55	0	55	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	75	60	0	70	0	75	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	144,235	131,740	12,500	137,865	6,370	142,995	1,245
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	150,320	137,450	12,875	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	1,645	1,585	60	1,615	30	1,635	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	148,675	135,870	12,815	142,180	6,500	147,420	1,260
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	150,320	137,450	12,875	143,795	6,530	149,055	1,265
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	7,595	7,090	505	7,405	195	7,570	30
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	4,595	4,255	345	4,475	120	4,590	15
Métis ancestry	3,115	2,945	175	3,040	80	3,105	0
Inuit ancestry	110	100	0	100	0	100	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	142,725	130,360	12,365	136,385	6,335	141,485	1,240
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	150,320	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
First generation^{Footnote 26}	24,675	22,860	1,815	23,585	1,085	24,475	195
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	33,430	30,495	2,935	31,970	1,460	33,060	375
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	92,210	84,095	8,120	88,240	3,980	91,515	700
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	150,325	137,445	12,870	143,800	6,525	149,055	1,270
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	8,385	7,810	575	8,075	310	8,350	40
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	2,515	2,315	195	2,385	130	2,500	0
Chinese	1,375	1,245	135	1,320	55	1,365	0
Black	590	580	0	590	0	590	0
Filipino	845	840	10	845	0	850	0
Latin American	640	630	0	635	0	640	0
Arab	165	130	30	145	0	160	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	335	330	0	330	0	325	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	135	115	15	130	0	135	0
Korean	425	400	25	415	0	425	0
Japanese	975	895	80	950	25	965	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	155	105	50	110	0	155	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	230	220	0	220	0	230	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	141,940	129,645	12,295	135,715	6,220	140,705	1,230
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	150,320	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,270
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	126,085	115,000	11,085	120,635	5,445	125,005	1,075
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	23,285	21,515	1,775	22,220	1,065	23,095	190
Before 1981	13,410	12,430	985	12,790	620	13,315	95
1981 to 1990	2,490	2,250	240	2,375	115	2,455	35
1991 to 2000	3,515	3,195	320	3,325	190	3,465	50
2001 to 2009	3,420	3,210	215	3,295	130	3,410	10
2001 to 2005	1,470	1,400	70	1,430	40	1,460	0
2006 to 2009	1,955	1,815	140	1,865	95	1,955	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	150,320	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,270
English	128,705	117,180	11,525	122,905	5,800	127,590	1,120
French	2,520	2,295	225	2,395	125	2,495	30
Non-official language	18,105	17,070	1,035	17,550	545	17,985	120
Aboriginal	85	85	0	85	0	85	0
Non-Aboriginal	18,015	16,980	1,035	17,465	550	17,895	120
English and French	115	95	0	105	0	115	0
English and non-official language	830	780	50	805	30	830	0
French and non-official language	45	20	0	35	0	45	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	150,320	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
English	147,385	134,770	12,620	141,000	6,385	146,145	1,240
French	2,335	2,095	240	2,200	135	2,310	30
English and French	165	155	0	160	0	170	0
Neither English nor French	430	435	0	430	0	430	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	150,320	137,450	12,875	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
No certificate, diploma or degree	23,795	23,350	445	23,535	260	23,715	75
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	42,725	40,490	2,230	41,615	1,110	42,550	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	83,805	73,610	10,195	78,645	5,155	82,780	1,020
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60,585	55,390	5,200	58,085	2,500	60,135	455
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	21,195	19,600	1,600	20,405	785	21,035	165
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	32,020	29,265	2,755	30,655	1,365	31,850	170
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	7,365	6,530	840	7,025	340	7,250	115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	23,215	18,215	5,000	20,555	2,660	22,650	565
Bachelor's degree	14,700	12,280	2,420	13,415	1,290	14,455	245
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	8,515	5,940	2,575	7,145	1,370	8,195	320
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	150,320	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	66,520	63,845	2,675	65,145	1,365	66,275	245
Education	6,560	5,810	755	6,385	175	6,525	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,865	2,665	200	2,755	105	2,840	25
Humanities	3,490	3,220	275	3,350	145	3,465	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,240	5,395	850	5,720	520	6,145	100
Business, management and public administration	17,765	15,685	2,080	16,570	1,195	17,460	300
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,345	1,945	400	2,090	250	2,300	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,920	1,685	230	1,800	115	1,915	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	18,850	16,120	2,735	17,470	1,380	18,570	280
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,860	1,665	195	1,785	75	1,845	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	15,790	13,775	2,010	14,855	930	15,625	160
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,125	5,645	480	5,865	265	6,105	20
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	150,320	137,445	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	46,130	44,855	1,270	45,455	680	45,960	175
All industries^{Footnote 54}	104,190	92,590	11,600	98,340	5,850	103,095	1,095
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,180	2,005	175	2,075	110	2,175	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	865	550	320	685	180	840	30
22 Utilities	600	345	255	415	185	585	15
23 Construction	10,975	9,725	1,245	10,395	575	10,845	125
31-33 Manufacturing	5,810	5,200	605	5,440	370	5,710	100
41 Wholesale trade	3,940	3,345	595	3,605	330	3,855	85
44-45 Retail trade	14,425	13,690	735	14,070	350	14,370	50
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,625	3,170	460	3,365	265	3,615	20
51 Information and cultural industries	2,445	2,150	290	2,280	160	2,420	20
52 Finance and insurance	3,605	2,775	830	3,105	505	3,495	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,765	2,295	470	2,515	250	2,695	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,070	5,930	1,140	6,335	735	6,945	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	70	0	80	0	85	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	5,095	4,975	115	5,060	35	5,090	0
61 Educational services	6,450	5,315	1,135	6,050	400	6,395	55
62 Health care and social assistance	12,805	11,105	1,700	12,035	775	12,640	165
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,840	2,765	70	2,805	35	2,830	0
72 Accommodation and food services	8,215	8,125	90	8,180	35	8,210	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,650	5,295	350	5,490	155	5,600	55
91 Public administration	4,750	3,755	995	4,365	385	4,710	40
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	150,320	137,450	12,870	143,795	6,525	149,055	1,265
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	46,130	44,855	1,275	45,455	680	45,960	175
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	104,190	92,595	11,595	98,340	5,845	103,100	1,090
0 Management occupations	11,480	8,490	2,990	9,585	1,895	11,040	435
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	16,290	14,975	1,310	15,635	660	16,140	145
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	6,060	4,740	1,320	5,305	755	5,955	105
3 Health occupations	7,635	6,180	1,455	6,905	735	7,470	165
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,145	8,405	1,740	9,550	595	10,080	70
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,900	2,800	100	2,860	40	2,895	0
6 Sales and service occupations	27,740	26,885	850	27,330	410	27,660	80
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15,935	14,435	1,505	15,305	630	15,875	60
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,155	2,975	180	3,075	85	3,140	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,850	2,715	140	2,800	55	2,840	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56