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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Victoria^{Footnote 2}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 3} = 22.7 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 4	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 7	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 8}	290,655	261,090	29,560	277,025	13,630	288,170	2,480
Male	138,990	118,955	20,035	129,120	9,870	137,070	1,915
Female	151,660	142,135	9,525	147,905	3,755	151,100	565
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 9}	290,650	261,090	29,565	277,025	13,625	288,175	2,485
15 to 24 years	42,055	41,995	60	42,020	35	42,055	0
25 to 54 years	139,070	121,905	17,170	131,825	7,245	138,040	1,025
25 to 34 years	44,770	42,745	2,025	44,140	630	44,690	80
35 to 44 years	42,035	36,015	6,020	39,620	2,415	41,700	330
45 to 54 years	52,265	43,140	9,120	48,060	4,205	51,645	615
55 to 64 years	51,430	43,530	7,900	47,385	4,050	50,650	780
65 years and over	58,095	53,660	4,435	55,795	2,300	57,425	670
65 to 74 years	30,440	28,045	2,400	29,110	1,325	30,050	395
75 years and over	27,655	25,620	2,035	26,685	975	27,375	275
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 10}	290,650	261,090	29,560	277,030	13,630	288,170	2,485
Married or living with a common-law partner	164,520	141,670	22,850	153,475	11,045	162,495	2,025
Married (and not separated)	134,455	114,290	20,160	124,495	9,960	132,615	1,835
Living common law	30,065	27,380	2,690	28,985	1,085	29,880	185
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	126,135	119,425	6,710	123,550	2,585	125,675	460
Single (never legally married)	78,885	76,500	2,390	78,225	660	78,830	60
Separated	7,645	6,845	800	7,285	360	7,570	75
Divorced	24,025	21,665	2,360	23,070	955	23,820	200
Widowed	15,575	14,410	1,165	14,970	605	15,455	115
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 11}	290,650	261,085	29,560	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,480
Total persons in households with at least one census family	219,220	194,680	24,535	207,575	11,640	217,105	2,110
Married spouses, common-law partners	162,380	139,775	22,600	151,450	10,925	160,365	2,010
Lone parents	14,325	12,965	1,355	13,810	510	14,245	80
Children in families with two parents present	23,060	22,935	125	23,010	45	23,050	0
Children in families with one parent present	11,110	10,905	205	11,015	95	11,100	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	3,550	3,465	85	3,515	35	3,545	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	4,800	4,630	170	4,775	30	4,800	0
Total persons in non-census family households	71,435	66,405	5,025	69,450	1,985	71,065	370
Living with relatives^{Footnote 13}	2,570	2,480	95	2,560	0	2,570	0
Living with non-relatives only	17,695	17,120	575	17,490	205	17,655	40
Living alone	51,165	46,805	4,360	49,395	1,770	50,840	325
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 14}	290,655	261,090	29,560	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,485
Economic family persons	216,990	192,530	24,460	205,370	11,620	214,875	2,115
Couple family	187,125	164,360	22,765	176,125	11,000	185,100	2,025
Couple only	87,670	77,700	9,970	82,665	5,010	86,600	1,070
Couple with children	96,525	83,960	12,565	90,675	5,850	95,605	920
Couple with other relatives only	2,920	2,705	225	2,785	140	2,890	30
Lone-parent family	24,405	22,925	1,485	23,820	590	24,320	85
Female-parent family	19,540	18,545	1,000	19,150	390	19,505	40
Female-parent family with no other relatives	18,600	17,625	975	18,210	385	18,560	40
Male-parent family	4,860	4,380	485	4,665	195	4,820	45
Male-parent family with no other relatives	4,380	3,930	455	4,195	190	4,345	45
Other economic family^{Footnote 15}	5,460	5,245	215	5,425	35	5,455	0
Persons not in an economic family	73,660	68,560	5,105	71,655	2,005	73,295	370
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	290,655	261,090	29,560	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,480
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 16}	10,760	10,325	440	10,550	210	10,705	55
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 17}	6,585	6,355	230	6,475	105	6,570	0
Métis single identity	3,790	3,590	205	3,690	105	3,750	40
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	65	65	0	70	0	70	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 18}	85	85	0	85	0	85	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 19}	230	225	0	230	0	230	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	279,890	250,770	29,125	266,480	13,415	277,465	2,425
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 20}	290,650	261,090	29,560	277,025	13,630	288,175	2,480
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 21}	4,700	4,615	90	4,660	40	4,695	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	285,950	256,475	29,475	272,370	13,585	283,480	2,470
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	290,650	261,090	29,565	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,480
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 23}	14,170	13,365	805	13,820	350	14,090	75
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 24}	10,600	10,030	570	10,325	275	10,530	70
Métis ancestry	3,770	3,540	235	3,690	80	3,765	0
Inuit ancestry	205	185	20	205	0	205	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 25}	276,485	247,725	28,760	263,205	13,275	274,075	2,410
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 26}	290,650	261,085	29,565	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,480
First generation^{Footnote 27}	62,755	56,220	6,535	59,560	3,195	62,120	640
Second generation^{Footnote 28}	70,235	63,010	7,225	66,895	3,340	69,650	580
Third generation or more^{Footnote 29}	157,660	141,855	15,800	150,570	7,090	156,400	1,260
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 30}	290,655	261,090	29,565	277,025	13,630	288,170	2,480
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 31}	30,360	28,015	2,350	29,350	1,015	30,250	110
South Asian^{Footnote 32}	6,225	5,625	600	5,915	310	6,190	35
Chinese	10,680	9,795	890	10,300	385	10,640	40
Black	1,915	1,790	130	1,875	45	1,915	0
Filipino	3,310	3,150	160	3,270	40	3,305	0
Latin American	1,595	1,505	95	1,555	45	1,595	0
Arab	655	590	65	625	25	655	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 33}	1,610	1,485	125	1,560	50	1,600	0
West Asian^{Footnote 34}	740	665	75	710	35	735	0
Korean	995	940	60	960	35	990	0
Japanese	1,520	1,430	95	1,490	25	1,515	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 35}	350	330	25	345	0	350	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 36}	760	720	40	740	20	760	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 37}	260,290	233,075	27,215	247,675	12,610	257,915	2,370
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 38}	290,650	261,085	29,560	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,485
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 39}	229,385	206,180	23,205	218,860	10,525	227,525	1,860
Immigrants^{Footnote 40}	57,990	51,730	6,260	54,945	3,045	57,380	610
Before 1981	31,800	28,030	3,770	29,935	1,865	31,350	450
1981 to 1990	7,375	6,455	920	6,895	485	7,300	75
1991 to 2000	9,240	8,360	880	8,875	365	9,210	30
2001 to 2009	8,360	7,705	655	8,060	305	8,315	50
2001 to 2005	4,240	3,905	335	4,080	155	4,215	25
2006 to 2009	4,120	3,800	325	3,975	145	4,095	25
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 41}	290,650	261,090	29,560	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,480
English	247,330	221,775	25,560	235,605	11,725	245,295	2,035
French	5,355	4,625	730	5,060	295	5,285	75
Non-official language	35,720	32,620	3,100	34,190	1,525	35,355	365
Aboriginal	240	235	0	240	0	240	0
Non-Aboriginal	35,475	32,380	3,095	33,950	1,525	35,110	365
English and French	260	230	30	230	30	260	0
English and non-official language	1,830	1,690	140	1,785	40	1,825	0
French and non-official language	125	120	0	125	0	125	0
English, French and non-official language	30	25	0	25	0	30	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 42}	290,655	261,090	29,565	277,030	13,625	288,170	2,480
English	283,380	254,615	28,770	270,080	13,295	280,975	2,405
French	5,055	4,340	715	4,760	295	4,980	75
English and French	445	375	70	415	30	445	0
Neither English nor French	1,775	1,760	10	1,770	0	1,770	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 43}	290,650	261,090	29,560	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,480
No certificate, diploma or degree	37,445	36,730	720	37,035	415	37,305	140
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 44}	78,405	74,565	3,840	76,790	1,620	78,075	330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 45}	174,800	149,795	25,005	163,205	11,595	172,790	2,010
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	97,600	88,865	8,730	94,085	3,515	96,990	605
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 46}	29,450	27,115	2,340	28,580	875	29,305	155
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	53,055	48,410	4,650	51,155	1,905	52,740	320
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	15,085	13,340	1,740	14,350	735	14,955	135
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	77,205	60,930	16,275	69,120	8,080	75,795	1,410
Bachelor's degree	47,370	39,735	7,635	43,965	3,405	46,855	515
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 48}	29,830	21,190	8,640	25,155	4,680	28,940	890
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 49}	290,650	261,085	29,565	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 50}	115,850	111,290	4,560	113,825	2,035	115,385	470
Education	13,830	12,200	1,635	13,420	415	13,765	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	8,195	7,575	615	7,995	200	8,180	15
Humanities	11,625	10,245	1,380	10,955	670	11,485	135
Social and behavioural sciences and law	21,700	18,145	3,555	19,850	1,850	21,380	315
Business, management and public administration	32,675	27,820	4,855	30,230	2,445	32,160	515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	8,165	6,500	1,665	7,385	780	8,055	110
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	6,865	5,580	1,280	6,350	515	6,795	65
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	29,710	25,010	4,700	27,655	2,055	29,460	250
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,815	3,240	580	3,635	185	3,780	40
Health and related fields^{Footnote 51}	28,380	24,585	3,795	26,290	2,095	27,940	445
Personal, protective and transportation services	9,815	8,885	930	9,420	395	9,760	55
Other fields of study^{Footnote 52}	20	10	0	15	0	20	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 53}	290,655	261,090	29,565	277,030	13,625	288,170	2,480
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 54}	85,350	82,075	3,270	83,900	1,445	85,025	330
All industries^{Footnote 55}	205,300	179,015	26,290	193,125	12,175	203,145	2,155
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,920	1,790	125	1,855	65	1,905	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	430	250	180	315	125	405	25
22 Utilities	530	360	175	445	90	525	0
23 Construction	14,625	13,420	1,210	13,980	645	14,505	120
31-33 Manufacturing	6,540	5,695	845	6,100	435	6,440	95
41 Wholesale trade	5,040	4,245	795	4,570	470	4,940	95
44-45 Retail trade	24,020	22,690	1,325	23,345	675	23,875	145
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	7,210	6,295	920	6,760	445	7,145	70
51 Information and cultural industries	3,970	3,295	680	3,750	215	3,945	25
52 Finance and insurance	6,540	5,395	1,140	5,865	675	6,345	195
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,610	3,760	845	4,095	510	4,370	235
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	16,905	13,435	3,470	14,885	2,015	16,520	385
55 Management of companies and enterprises	175	160	15	160	15	175	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	8,580	8,235	350	8,430	150	8,565	15
61 Educational services	17,235	14,490	2,745	16,170	1,065	17,125	105
62 Health care and social assistance	26,935	23,640	3,295	25,280	1,650	26,570	365
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	5,630	5,410	220	5,505	120	5,590	40
72 Accommodation and food services	17,085	16,835	245	16,930	150	17,060	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,700	8,335	365	8,555	145	8,690	10
91 Public administration	28,620	21,270	7,345	26,115	2,505	28,450	170
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 56}	290,650	261,085	29,565	277,025	13,625	288,170	2,485
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 57}	85,350	82,080	3,275	83,905	1,450	85,025	325
All occupations^{Footnote 58}	205,300	179,010	26,290	193,120	12,180	203,150	2,155
0 Management occupations	22,290	14,820	7,475	18,315	3,975	21,485	805
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35,310	31,980	3,335	33,765	1,545	34,990	325
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	16,135	12,145	3,985	14,460	1,675	15,960	170
3 Health occupations	14,950	12,115	2,830	13,425	1,525	14,615	330
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	29,380	24,150	5,230	27,340	2,040	29,105	280
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	7,885	7,480	405	7,750	135	7,865	20
6 Sales and service occupations	49,885	48,745	1,140	49,300	580	49,770	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	23,015	21,405	1,605	22,455	565	22,940	80
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,550	3,395	155	3,465	85	3,525	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,905	2,780	125	2,850	55	2,900	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

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Footnote 3

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 4

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 7

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 8

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 9

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 10

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 11

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 14

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 15

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 16

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 17

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 18

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 19

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 22

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 24

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 26

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 27

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 28

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 29

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 30

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 31

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 32

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 34

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 35

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 37

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 38

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 41

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 42

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 43

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 44

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 45

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 46

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 47

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 48

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 49

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 50

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 51

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 52

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 53

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 54

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 55

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 56

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 57