Archived Content

Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please contact us to request a format other than those available.

2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Income and Earnings Statistics in 2010 (16), Age Groups (8C), Sex (3), Work activity in 2010 (3), Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree (6) and Selected Sociocultural Characteristics (60) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8C)

Sex (3)

Work activity in 2010 (3)

Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6)^{Footnote 1}

This table details income and earnings statistics in 2010 , age groups , sex , work activity in 2010 , highest certificate, diploma or degree and selected sociocultural characteristics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Victoria^{Footnote 2}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 3} = 22.7 %
Selected sociocultural characteristics (60)	Income and earnings statistics in 2010 (16)
Selected sociocultural characteristics (60)	Total - Income statistics in 2010^Footnote 4	Without income	With income	Median income^Footnote 5	Average income^Footnote 6	Without after-tax income	With after-tax income	Median after-tax income^Footnote 7	Average after-tax income^Footnote 8	Total - Employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 9	With employment income	Median employment income^Footnote 10	Average employment income^Footnote 11	With wages and salaries	Median wages and salaries^Footnote 12	Average wages and salaries^Footnote 13
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	290,650	9,945	280,710	33,301	41,952	10,015	280,640	30,506	35,980	290,650	211,140	31,195	38,864	193,570	32,785	39,613
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 14}	10,760	745	10,015	22,405	30,472	740	10,020	21,679	27,107	10,760	7,175	25,628	32,508	6,755	25,721	31,846
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 15}	6,585	495	6,090	18,890	27,007	500	6,090	18,689	24,348	6,585	4,075	23,535	30,175	3,945	23,627	30,365
Métis single identity	3,790	215	3,575	29,400	36,411	215	3,580	27,165	31,795	3,790	2,875	29,323	35,780	2,610	29,552	33,868
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	70	0	60	6,938	27,638	0	60	6,938	24,251	70	35	49,968	41,494	40	45,782	41,315
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 16}	85	0	70	28,952	24,651	0	70	28,952	22,507	85	55	36,131	26,710	35	36,242	26,070
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 17}	230	10	225	30,277	32,364	10	230	28,599	29,432	230	140	29,027	33,132	130	29,049	35,078
Non-Aboriginal identity	279,895	9,205	270,690	33,682	42,377	9,275	270,620	30,826	36,309	279,890	203,965	31,479	39,087	186,815	33,060	39,894
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 18}	290,650	9,945	280,710	33,301	41,952	10,015	280,640	30,506	35,980	290,655	211,135	31,195	38,864	193,570	32,785	39,613
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 19}	4,700	385	4,310	18,316	24,985	385	4,315	18,078	22,914	4,705	2,715	23,118	27,906	2,575	23,429	28,007
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	285,950	9,555	276,395	33,561	42,217	9,625	276,325	30,738	36,184	285,950	208,425	31,342	39,007	190,995	32,950	39,770
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 20}	290,655	9,945	280,705	33,301	41,952	10,015	280,640	30,506	35,980	290,655	211,140	31,195	38,864	193,570	32,785	39,613
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	14,170	825	13,345	25,401	33,549	820	13,345	24,416	29,553	14,170	10,110	27,985	34,398	9,520	28,370	33,951
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 22}	10,600	660	9,935	23,812	32,544	665	9,935	22,555	28,664	10,605	7,245	26,125	34,198	6,850	26,345	33,368
Métis ancestry	3,770	185	3,585	32,866	36,192	185	3,585	29,985	31,966	3,770	2,950	30,042	35,005	2,760	31,296	35,573
Inuit ancestry	205	0	200	11,901	30,009	0	205	11,901	26,099	205	175	11,969	30,270	160	11,157	28,972
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 23}	276,480	9,120	267,365	33,649	42,372	9,190	267,295	30,793	36,301	276,485	201,025	31,418	39,088	184,055	33,032	39,906
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 24}	290,650	9,945	280,705	33,301	41,952	10,010	280,640	30,506	35,980	290,650	211,135	31,195	38,864	193,570	32,785	39,613
First generation^{Footnote 25}	62,755	1,855	60,900	31,511	41,672	1,860	60,890	29,229	35,883	62,755	39,895	30,197	39,112	35,430	33,572	40,670
Second generation^{Footnote 26}	70,235	2,145	68,090	34,201	42,784	2,145	68,090	31,356	36,689	70,235	49,230	30,814	38,467	45,110	31,754	39,107
Third generation or more^{Footnote 27}	157,660	5,940	151,715	33,571	41,692	6,005	151,655	30,610	35,700	157,660	122,020	31,735	38,943	113,030	32,880	39,484
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 28}	290,650	9,945	280,710	33,301	41,952	10,015	280,635	30,506	35,980	290,650	211,140	31,195	38,864	193,570	32,785	39,613
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 29}	30,360	2,015	28,345	24,866	34,444	2,010	28,350	23,608	30,157	30,360	21,085	28,691	36,096	19,660	30,414	36,519
South Asian^{Footnote 30}	6,225	335	5,890	26,939	37,592	335	5,890	25,778	32,719	6,225	4,360	29,989	38,355	4,025	30,936	38,303
Chinese	10,680	685	9,995	25,775	35,375	680	9,995	24,692	30,966	10,680	6,995	33,000	38,308	6,565	34,298	38,924
Black	1,915	145	1,775	29,279	35,232	145	1,775	26,826	30,877	1,915	1,500	29,872	35,554	1,455	29,885	34,193
Filipino	3,310	175	3,130	24,297	32,420	180	3,130	22,968	28,784	3,310	2,700	25,506	31,749	2,635	25,956	32,182
Latin American	1,595	100	1,495	20,889	29,361	105	1,495	20,081	26,093	1,595	1,165	23,411	30,320	1,055	25,343	31,400
Arab	655	70	590	25,499	32,129	65	590	22,990	27,101	655	335	34,845	42,425	305	36,067	43,857
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 31}	1,610	140	1,470	28,805	35,483	140	1,470	26,649	31,231	1,610	1,160	32,270	36,552	1,025	34,751	37,400
West Asian^{Footnote 32}	740	60	685	22,907	37,054	60	685	22,549	31,604	740	470	36,910	43,436	430	38,739	42,100
Korean	995	130	860	14,113	28,081	135	860	13,985	24,079	995	580	20,044	32,974	525	23,014	34,852
Japanese	1,525	75	1,445	18,282	27,962	75	1,450	18,107	24,741	1,520	1,005	19,088	27,986	895	19,779	28,591
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 33}	350	20	330	37,560	38,468	20	335	31,721	33,172	350	255	38,932	41,602	240	39,054	44,158
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 34}	765	85	675	21,695	28,965	85	675	21,682	26,051	760	560	24,259	29,611	500	25,280	32,277
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 35}	260,290	7,930	252,360	34,133	42,796	7,995	252,290	31,157	36,634	260,290	190,055	31,479	39,171	173,910	33,023	39,963
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 36}	290,655	9,945	280,710	33,301	41,952	10,015	280,640	30,506	35,980	290,655	211,140	31,195	38,864	193,570	32,785	39,613
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 37}	229,385	8,130	221,255	33,746	41,973	8,195	221,190	30,819	35,960	229,385	172,470	31,329	38,792	159,280	32,576	39,375
Immigrants^{Footnote 38}	57,990	1,560	56,430	32,690	42,903	1,565	56,425	30,124	36,895	57,985	36,755	31,399	39,709	32,450	35,002	41,404
Before 1981	31,800	205	31,590	34,601	46,063	210	31,595	31,705	39,463	31,800	17,165	29,375	39,749	14,650	34,796	42,111
1981 to 1990	7,375	95	7,280	35,624	46,562	100	7,275	32,608	39,528	7,375	5,750	38,531	44,619	5,070	40,305	46,606
1991 to 2000	9,240	295	8,950	29,927	37,432	295	8,950	27,822	32,639	9,240	6,980	33,879	39,121	6,310	36,347	40,608
2001 to 2009	8,365	565	7,795	25,099	34,838	570	7,795	23,906	30,469	8,360	6,195	28,396	37,024	5,775	30,646	37,451
2001 to 2005	4,240	285	3,955	26,775	35,726	280	3,955	24,792	31,293	4,240	3,170	31,545	37,730	2,915	34,126	39,148
2006 to 2009	4,120	285	3,835	24,298	33,922	285	3,840	23,358	29,620	4,120	3,020	26,239	36,282	2,860	27,293	35,721
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 39}	290,655	9,945	280,705	33,301	41,952	10,010	280,635	30,506	35,980	290,650	211,140	31,195	38,864	193,570	32,785	39,613
English	247,330	8,205	239,125	33,929	42,335	8,275	239,055	30,988	36,269	247,330	182,780	31,075	38,859	167,935	32,554	39,538
French	5,355	125	5,230	37,119	47,993	125	5,230	33,955	40,983	5,360	3,985	37,740	43,260	3,655	39,240	44,546
Non-official language	35,715	1,465	34,250	28,261	38,771	1,465	34,255	26,724	33,549	35,720	22,895	30,949	38,198	20,605	33,214	39,423
Aboriginal	240	10	230	12,916	17,062	15	225	12,916	16,342	240	85	15,029	20,959	80	15,013	20,202
Non-Aboriginal	35,475	1,455	34,025	28,429	38,916	1,455	34,025	26,839	33,664	35,480	22,810	31,008	38,263	20,525	33,282	39,500
English and French	260	0	260	21,461	34,309	0	260	21,373	29,753	260	180	22,064	33,880	160	22,093	35,781
English and non-official language	1,830	145	1,685	30,741	35,574	145	1,685	28,189	31,024	1,830	1,190	35,156	38,793	1,115	38,140	39,378
French and non-official language	130	0	130	24,586	32,646	0	130	22,538	28,437	125	80	23,392	32,542	80	32,658	32,222
English, French and non-official language	25	0	25	43,787	31,265	0	30	37,899	1,065	25	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 40}	290,655	9,945	280,710	33,301	41,952	10,010	280,635	30,506	35,980	290,650	211,140	31,195	38,864	193,570	32,785	39,613
English	283,380	9,655	273,725	33,398	41,982	9,720	273,660	30,574	35,999	283,380	206,630	31,124	38,807	189,465	32,713	39,541
French	5,055	120	4,935	37,733	48,477	125	4,935	34,077	41,318	5,055	3,765	38,013	43,691	3,420	40,117	45,246
English and French	445	35	405	20,828	35,323	40	410	20,828	30,369	445	260	24,138	38,744	240	28,552	41,271
Neither English nor French	1,775	130	1,640	15,217	18,965	130	1,640	15,209	18,206	1,770	485	22,307	25,499	445	22,364	26,370

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative).

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

For population with income.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

For population with income.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

For population with after-tax income.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

For population with after-tax income.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

For population with employment income.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

For population with employment income.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

For population with wages and salaries.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

For population with wages and salaries.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011041.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

Language selection

Search and menus

Search