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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8D)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Québec^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 21.4 %
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	746,685	11,730	729,995	3,760
0 to 4 years	41,095	390	40,235	85
5 to 9 years	35,065	375	34,595	50
10 to 14 years	36,330	475	35,680	155
15 to 19 years	43,680	660	42,620	375
20 to 24 years	50,820	845	49,585	360
25 to 29 years	52,280	810	51,120	305
30 to 34 years	53,845	725	52,560	540
35 to 39 years	46,340	875	44,835	565
40 to 44 years	46,565	760	45,265	455
45 to 49 years	57,380	955	56,035	335
50 to 54 years	61,750	1,035	60,465	160
55 to 59 years	57,620	1,000	56,380	125
60 to 64 years	51,990	860	51,000	90
65 to 69 years	40,705	735	39,890	40
70 to 74 years	27,230	450	26,710	30
75 to 79 years	20,735	335	20,350	20
80 to 84 years	13,950	230	13,605	65
85 years and over	9,320	210	9,065	0
Median age^{Footnote 4}	41.5	44.7	41.5	35.1
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^{Footnote 5}	634,200	10,485	619,485	3,465
Married or living with a common-law partner	368,270	6,080	359,465	2,290
Married (and not separated)	201,045	4,060	194,495	2,090
Living common law	167,225	2,030	164,970	205
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	265,925	4,405	260,015	1,175
Single (never legally married)	185,780	2,940	181,715	955
Separated	8,015	175	7,780	55
Divorced	42,360	840	41,375	105
Widowed	29,770	445	29,150	55
Total population in private households by mother tongue	746,685	11,730	729,995	3,760
Single responses	743,595	11,455	727,405	3,525
English	10,595	10,240	355	0
French	712,350	40	712,305	0
Non-official languages	20,650	1,175	14,750	3,525
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 6}	190	0	165	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	165	0	155	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 7}	15,120	815	10,745	2,745
Arabic	3,135	80	2,435	530
Bengali	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	100	0	60	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	630	115	265	140
Creoles	265	0	225	35
Dutch	155	30	90	40
German	460	115	295	45
Greek	90	20	50	0
Gujarati	45	20	0	0
Hindi	20	20	0	0
Hungarian	120	0	75	25
Italian	570	50	465	45
Korean	30	0	20	0
Mandarin	285	40	110	80
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	225	20	125	65
Polish	245	25	150	55
Portuguese	1,100	15	805	265
Romanian	605	0	340	240
Russian	470	45	330	75
Serbian	105	0	75	20
Spanish	5,675	115	4,340	885
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	0	20	0
Tamil	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	0	55	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	635	35	390	130
Other languages^{Footnote 8}	5,345	345	3,835	775
Multiple responses	3,095	275	2,585	235
English and French	1,130	100	815	220
English and non-official language	170	160	0	0
French and non-official language	1,735	0	1,735	0
English, French and non-official language	55	0	25	15
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 9}	746,690	11,730	729,995	3,760
English only	1,215	1,215	0	0
French only	473,575	0	473,575	0
English and French	270,540	10,500	256,285	3,760
Neither English nor French	1,355	0	130	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	746,690	11,730	729,990	3,760
Single responses	741,595	11,165	725,815	3,410
English	7,295	5,665	1,625	0
French	723,600	5,175	718,425	0
Non-official languages	10,705	325	5,770	3,405
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 10}	60	0	55	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	60	0	55	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 11}	8,155	215	4,450	2,685
Arabic	1,190	25	540	535
Bengali	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	0	15	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	485	70	180	115
Creoles	50	0	25	25
Dutch	50	0	0	35
German	65	0	0	45
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	0	0	30
Italian	155	0	100	40
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	0	75	75
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	165	25	60	70
Polish	65	0	0	50
Portuguese	645	0	370	260
Romanian	425	0	160	240
Russian	265	0	170	65
Serbian	75	0	50	25
Spanish	3,730	50	2,450	890
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	390	0	190	120
Other languages^{Footnote 12}	2,485	105	1,265	725
Multiple responses	5,090	570	4,175	350
English and French	1,150	300	545	300
English and non-official language	165	155	10	0
French and non-official language	3,630	60	3,570	0
English, French and non-official language	145	45	45	50
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	746,685	11,730	729,990	3,760
None	702,160	5,390	694,240	1,450
English	26,410	2,795	23,520	90
French	9,510	2,925	4,615	1,845
Non-official language	7,075	390	6,615	70
Aboriginal	60	0	60	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,015	385	6,560	70
English and French	335	30	25	280
English and non-official language	975	45	935	0
French and non-official language	200	160	35	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	0	30
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 13}	51,420	2,295	44,365	3,560
Aboriginal languages	330	25	270	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	15	0	15	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^{Footnote 14}	40	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	190	0	185	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35	25	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 15}	45	0	50	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	51,145	2,275	44,115	3,555
Italian	2,735	165	2,425	135
Portuguese	1,915	25	1,595	280
Romanian	695	0	420	245
Spanish	29,650	815	27,440	1,050
Dutch	400	40	320	40
Flemish	55	0	55	0
German	3,185	340	2,755	85
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	0	0
Swedish	95	25	70	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	505	0	400	80
Bulgarian	145	0	90	40
Croatian	185	0	130	50
Czech	120	15	100	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	325	40	220	60
Russian	1,100	100	805	165
Serbian	150	0	100	40
Serbo-Croatian	320	0	195	95
Slovak	50	0	45	0
Slovenian	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	115	0	80	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	190	35	135	25
Armenian	100	0	35	60
Albanian	310	0	250	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	0	20	0
Hungarian	200	25	125	45
Turkish	75	0	45	25
Berber languages (Kabyle)	170	0	135	25
Oromo	270	0	235	15
Somali	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	4,685	155	3,850	590
Hebrew	35	0	30	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	55	0	20	0
Gujarati	50	25	0	0
Hindi	110	80	15	10
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	0	15	0
Nepali	370	45	25	155
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	285	35	160	75
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	0	20	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	30	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	435	80	320	0
Korean	35	0	20	0
Cantonese	135	20	90	20
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	500	45	320	85
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	780	120	405	140
Lao	100	0	80	0
Thai	200	30	145	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	595	20	500	35
Vietnamese	775	45	515	130
Bisayan languages	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	55	25	25	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	245	0	240	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	400	0	390	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	180	10	165	0
Swahili	530	20	485	15
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	150	0	135	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	295	0	275	20
African languages, n.i.e.	155	0	145	0
Creoles	600	20	550	25
Other non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 16}	2,085	60	1,835	110
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 17}	737,985	11,660	721,540	3,730
Non-movers	650,640	9,800	637,290	2,830
Movers	87,345	1,855	84,245	905
Non-migrants	59,300	870	57,820	500
Migrants	28,040	980	26,430	405
Internal migrants	24,695	750	23,740	195
Intraprovincial migrants	22,855	410	22,265	180
Interprovincial migrants	1,840	345	1,480	15
External migrants	3,345	235	2,690	210
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 18}	705,590	11,340	689,755	3,670
Non-movers	439,480	6,630	431,535	1,015
Movers	266,110	4,705	258,220	2,655
Non-migrants	170,675	2,045	167,645	915
Migrants	95,440	2,660	90,575	1,740
Internal migrants	83,280	1,965	80,780	505
Intraprovincial migrants	78,845	1,110	77,270	440
Interprovincial migrants	4,430	865	3,510	60
External migrants	12,155	695	9,795	1,240
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 19}	746,685	11,730	729,995	3,760
Canadian citizens	731,450	10,625	717,940	2,295
Canadian citizens only	722,125	10,090	709,940	1,550
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	9,330	530	8,000	745
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 20}	15,235	1,105	12,050	1,465
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 21}	746,690	11,730	729,990	3,760
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 22}	710,750	9,295	700,645	475
Born in province of residence	696,080	6,165	689,170	405
Born outside province of residence	14,670	3,125	11,475	65
Immigrants^{Footnote 23}	32,880	2,090	26,860	3,115
Americas	8,015	785	5,945	1,055
United States	1,205	570	635	0
Jamaica	35	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	730	0	690	30
Mexico	660	35	505	120
Trinidad and Tobago	15	15	0	0
Colombia	2,570	60	1,985	350
El Salvador	310	0	195	70
Peru	340	0	295	45
Chile	435	0	400	20
Other places of birth in Americas	1,715	60	1,225	420
Europe	12,790	595	11,305	795
United Kingdom^{Footnote 24}	280	250	30	0
Italy	410	20	375	0
Germany	750	90	615	35
Poland	190	20	125	40
Portugal	375	0	360	0
Netherlands	70	0	50	0
France	6,485	0	6,475	0
Romania	670	0	410	240
Russian Federation	305	20	245	30
Greece	60	0	30	0
Ukraine	165	0	100	40
Croatia	75	0	40	0
Hungary	55	0	30	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	750	0	565	165
Serbia	65	0	40	20
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	2,055	80	1,800	140
Africa	6,980	140	6,260	550
Morocco	1,455	25	1,305	115
Algeria	1,220	20	1,045	140
Egypt	190	15	150	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	30	0	20	0
Other places of birth in Africa	4,070	60	3,725	275
Asia	5,040	535	3,345	710
India	110	90	20	0
China^{Footnote 25}	1,710	130	1,280	185
Philippines	95	25	75	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	35	0	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 26}	630	25	450	90
Pakistan	30	0	20	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 27}	150	0	85	45
Korea, South^{Footnote 28}	135	0	135	0
Lebanon	325	15	230	75
Taiwan	75	0	60	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	80	0	70	0
Afghanistan	50	0	35	0
Japan	130	60	60	0
Turkey	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,450	145	795	270
Oceania and other^{Footnote 29}	45	40	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 30}	35	35	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 31}	3,060	345	2,485	175
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^{Footnote 32}	10,665	495	8,405	1,270
Americas	3,175	120	2,240	645
United States	90	55	30	0
Mexico	285	20	205	55
Cuba	135	0	85	45
Haiti	145	0	130	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	490	0	270	210
Colombia	1,540	25	1,150	205
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	90	0	70	20
Venezuela^{Footnote 33}	35	0	25	0
Other places of birth in Americas	350	0	270	75
Europe	2,910	95	2,620	155
France	1,955	0	1,950	0
Germany	55	0	50	10
Poland	20	15	0	0
Romania	165	0	115	45
Moldova^{Footnote 34}	40	0	35	0
Russian Federation	135	20	95	10
Ukraine	65	0	25	25
United Kingdom^{Footnote 35}	30	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	435	20	345	55
Africa	3,110	40	2,850	195
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	35	0	30	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	385	0	360	0
Egypt	30	0	0	0
Morocco	590	0	555	25
Tunisia	310	0	215	90
Cameroon	280	0	285	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	170	0	170	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,305	30	1,220	55
Asia	1,460	230	685	270
Philippines	25	0	15	0
China^{Footnote 36}	340	50	240	20
India	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	0	15	0
Iran^{Footnote 37}	70	0	35	25
South Korea^{Footnote 38}	25	0	30	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	70	0	60	0
Lebanon	55	0	40	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 39}	115	25	45	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0
Japan	50	40	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	195	0	0	85
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 40}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	435	75	120	100
Oceania and other^{Footnote 41}	15	10	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 42}	746,685	11,730	729,990	3,760
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 43}	710,750	9,290	700,645	470
Immigrants^{Footnote 44}	32,875	2,090	26,860	3,115
Before 1971	3,335	470	2,730	105
1971 to 1980	2,690	365	2,190	120
1981 to 1990	3,550	175	3,050	200
1991 to 2000	5,810	280	4,945	500
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 45}	17,490	805	13,945	2,185
2001 to 2005	6,825	310	5,545	915
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 46}	10,670	500	8,405	1,270
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 47}	3,060	345	2,490	175
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 48}	746,685	11,730	729,990	3,760
First generation^{Footnote 49}	37,400	2,540	30,675	3,320
Second generation^{Footnote 50}	22,620	1,725	20,335	260
Third generation or more^{Footnote 51}	686,670	7,460	678,980	180
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	746,685	11,730	729,995	3,760
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 52}	6,450	225	6,205	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 53}	3,375	85	3,275	0
Métis single identity	2,450	95	2,355	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	120	30	95	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 54}	125	0	120	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 55}	375	0	370	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	740,240	11,505	723,790	3,745
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 56}	746,690	11,730	729,995	3,760
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 57}	2,435	55	2,365	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	744,255	11,680	727,625	3,750
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 58}	634,200	10,490	619,485	3,465
In the labour force	427,295	6,670	417,990	2,485
Employed	408,430	6,295	399,745	2,270
Unemployed	18,870	375	18,245	215
Not in the labour force	206,900	3,815	201,490	975
Participation rate	67.4	63.6	67.5	71.7
Employment rate	64.4	60.0	64.5	65.5
Unemployment rate	4.4	5.6	4.4	8.7
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	427,300	6,670	417,990	2,490
Class of Worker - Not applicable^{Footnote 59}	5,455	165	5,165	110
All Classes of Worker^{Footnote 60}	421,845	6,505	412,825	2,375
Employee	386,735	5,685	378,780	2,150
Self-employed	35,110	820	34,050	225
Self-employed (incorporated)	12,750	330	12,315	100
Without paid help	5,440	155	5,250	30
With paid help	7,310	170	7,060	70
Self-employed (unincorporated)	21,950	470	21,350	125
Without paid help	16,780	385	16,285	95
With paid help	5,175	85	5,060	25
Unpaid family worker	405	0	380	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	427,300	6,670	417,990	2,490
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 61}	5,455	170	5,160	110
All occupations^{Footnote 62}	421,845	6,505	412,830	2,375
0 Management occupations	38,025	710	37,130	175
00 Senior management occupations	6,630	135	6,475	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	13,850	280	13,510	55
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	12,430	220	12,120	90
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	5,110	70	5,030	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	77,855	910	76,660	275
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	14,525	135	14,335	55
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	32,255	375	31,770	115
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	4,485	40	4,430	20
14 Office support occupations	17,255	215	16,990	50
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	9,335	155	9,140	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	38,245	575	37,185	480
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	21,765	345	21,080	335
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	16,475	230	16,105	145
3 Health occupations	32,375	330	31,860	190
30 Professional occupations in nursing	8,895	85	8,780	30
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	7,485	90	7,305	90
32 Technical occupations in health	8,850	70	8,750	35
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	7,145	85	7,025	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	55,635	1,425	53,780	420
40 Professional occupations in education services	18,845	825	17,690	315
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	13,345	265	13,030	55
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	12,860	150	12,665	45
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	6,660	130	6,525	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	3,930	50	3,875	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	12,565	375	12,145	45
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	4,400	280	4,105	20
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	8,165	100	8,040	25
6 Sales and service occupations	103,130	1,525	100,840	650
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	9,090	100	8,950	35
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	14,725	215	14,395	80
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	22,950	300	22,470	170
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	20,190	440	19,595	150
66 Sales support occupations	14,425	175	14,195	55
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	21,760	300	21,240	160
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	48,815	470	48,245	100
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	17,765	155	17,610	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	9,895	100	9,780	15
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	4,270	45	4,215	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	13,830	160	13,635	40
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	3,045	20	3,005	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,760	45	2,710	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	645	0	635	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	845	0	805	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,275	0	1,275	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	12,435	130	12,270	30
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	2,370	45	2,320	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	3,665	20	3,630	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	3,085	40	3,025	15
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	3,320	30	3,290	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 63}	427,300	6,670	417,990	2,485
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 64}	5,450	170	5,160	110
All industries^{Footnote 65}	421,845	6,500	412,830	2,375
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,620	90	2,515	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	500	10	490	0
22 Utilities	2,480	0	2,460	0
23 Construction	22,090	125	21,955	0
31-33 Manufacturing	30,930	430	30,320	175
41 Wholesale trade	14,325	155	14,120	50
44-45 Retail trade	52,440	635	51,520	275
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15,220	250	14,890	80
51 Information and cultural industries	7,380	180	7,165	35
52 Finance and insurance	20,725	195	20,470	60
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	6,260	110	6,140	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	31,235	620	30,290	325
55 Management of companies and enterprises	270	0	265	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15,350	325	14,850	170
61 Educational services	31,395	1,040	30,020	330
62 Health care and social assistance	55,765	525	55,005	235
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	7,080	145	6,925	0
72 Accommodation and food services	29,310	580	28,365	275
81 Other services (except public administration)	18,575	240	18,250	80
91 Public administration	57,900	840	56,815	245
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^{Footnote 66}	408,425	6,295	399,750	2,270
Usual place of work	355,945	5,275	348,485	2,080
Work in CSD of residence	254,785	3,810	249,160	1,720
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	21,645	345	21,170	125
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	78,915	1,085	77,620	210
Work in a different province	595	35	535	30
Worked at home	19,505	490	18,935	70
Worked outside Canada	835	25	805	0
No fixed workplace address	32,145	500	31,525	115
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^{Footnote 67}	388,095	5,785	380,010	2,195
Car, truck or van - as a driver	296,340	3,870	291,250	1,155
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15,885	215	15,515	130
Public transit	44,000	730	42,650	605
Walked	24,045	745	23,050	255
Bicycle	4,910	165	4,705	45
Other methods	2,910	60	2,840	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^{Footnote 68}	456,160	7,195	446,105	2,670
English	7,725	1,700	5,875	140
French	438,835	4,840	431,715	2,195
Non-official language	410	55	220	65
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	405	55	215	65
English and French	8,530	580	7,745	200
English and non-official language	50	0	45	0
French and non-official language	335	0	330	0
English, French and non-official language	270	0	180	65
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^{Footnote 69}	456,160	7,195	446,100	2,675
None	376,515	3,685	371,195	1,495
English	72,565	2,370	69,385	810
French	4,795	1,045	3,655	80
Non-official language	1,380	60	1,115	175
Aboriginal	25	0	15	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,355	60	1,095	170
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	810	0	690	105
French and non-official language	75	15	55	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 70}	634,200	10,485	619,485	3,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	96,770	1,140	94,860	295
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 71}	133,810	2,455	130,795	475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 72}	403,615	6,890	393,825	2,695
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 73}	103,020	1,260	101,555	130
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^{Footnote 74}	72,890	950	71,780	90
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^{Footnote 75}	30,130	305	29,775	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	127,380	1,795	125,120	430
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 76}	31,080	490	30,365	210
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	142,135	3,345	136,790	1,920
Bachelor's degree	89,775	1,775	87,140	810
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	12,975	345	12,425	185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	4,080	55	3,935	90
Master's degree	28,880	790	27,545	535
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 77}	6,425	370	5,755	295
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 78}	403,620	6,890	393,825	2,695
Education	31,895	650	31,105	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	16,050	400	15,585	60
Humanities	24,285	790	23,210	265
Social and behavioural sciences and law	38,590	765	37,480	295
Business, management and public administration	94,350	1,535	92,395	395
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15,510	390	14,845	255
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	18,855	245	18,375	230
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	76,660	1,010	75,040	575
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,710	125	8,490	90
Health and related fields^{Footnote 79}	50,745	555	49,825	330
Personal, protective and transportation services	27,690	415	27,190	65
Other fields of study^{Footnote 80}	280	0	280	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^{Footnote 81}	403,620	6,890	393,825	2,695
Inside Canada	388,925	5,780	381,915	1,190
Newfoundland and Labrador	55	20	35	0
Prince Edward Island	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	385	95	290	0
New Brunswick	1,445	50	1,375	0
Quebec	381,420	4,590	375,655	1,160
Ontario	4,620	780	3,810	20
Manitoba	160	55	110	0
Saskatchewan	120	25	95	0
Alberta	255	55	200	0
British Columbia	410	110	300	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	14,695	1,105	11,910	1,505
Total population in private households by visible minority	746,685	11,730	729,995	3,760
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 82}	23,365	1,200	18,965	2,255
South Asian^{Footnote 83}	935	230	420	140
Chinese	2,440	190	1,840	240
Black	6,495	205	6,115	165
Filipino	135	40	90	0
Latin American	5,585	145	4,235	915
Arab	4,145	125	3,460	490
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 84}	2,175	125	1,665	215
West Asian^{Footnote 85}	270	0	165	50
Korean	205	0	200	0
Japanese	250	90	125	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 86}	300	0	270	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 87}	425	20	380	20
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 88}	723,325	10,530	711,025	1,505
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^{Footnote 89}	746,690	11,730	729,990	3,760
Total population - Single responses^{Footnote 90}	550,595	5,290	541,295	2,990
Total population - Multiple responses^{Footnote 91}	196,095	6,440	188,700	775
Canadian - Total responses	525,920	4,355	521,370	160
Canadian - Single responses	374,150	1,710	372,365	55
Canadian - Multiple responses	151,765	2,645	149,005	105
English- Total responses	10,880	2,785	8,040	35
English - Single responses	1,295	325	965	0
English - Multiple responses	9,585	2,460	7,075	30
French - Total responses	268,595	2,935	265,470	130
French - Single responses	112,020	330	111,680	20
French - Multiple responses	156,570	2,610	153,795	115
Scottish - Total responses	13,165	1,895	11,205	70
Scottish - Single responses	2,530	260	2,250	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	10,635	1,635	8,955	45
Irish - Total responses	38,300	3,550	34,670	65
Irish - Single responses	7,830	885	6,945	0
Irish - Multiple responses	30,470	2,670	27,725	65
German - Total responses	9,160	1,005	8,060	75
German - Single responses	1,525	135	1,345	40
German - Multiple responses	7,635	870	6,715	30
Italian - Total responses	7,955	390	7,360	170
Italian - Single responses	1,810	105	1,635	55
Italian - Multiple responses	6,145	285	5,725	115
Chinese - Total responses	3,010	225	2,360	240
Chinese - Single responses	2,255	185	1,670	230
Chinese - Multiple responses	750	40	690	10
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	18,210	365	17,820	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	3,410	25	3,365	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	14,805	345	14,455	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	750	210	485	45
Ukrainian - Single responses	200	45	130	25
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	545	165	355	20
East Indian - Total responses	505	195	290	15
East Indian - Single responses	200	125	65	10
East Indian - Multiple responses	300	70	235	0
Dutch - Total responses	1,075	200	845	30
Dutch - Single responses	250	40	195	10
Dutch - Multiple responses	830	160	655	15
Polish- Total responses	1,755	200	1,465	70
Polish - Single responses	395	40	295	55
Polish - Multiple responses	1,360	165	1,170	0
Filipino - Total responses	155	45	105	0
Filipino - Single responses	110	35	65	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	45	10	35	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^{Footnote 92}	925	305	615	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^{Footnote 93}	125	55	70	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^{Footnote 94}	800	250	545	0
Russian- Total responses	885	120	670	65
Russian - Single responses	370	15	295	35
Russian - Multiple responses	515	105	370	25
Welsh - Total responses	245	175	70	0
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	235	170	65	0
Norwegian - Total responses	475	60	415	0
Norwegian - Single responses	95	15	80	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	380	45	335	0
Métis - Total responses	2,505	130	2,380	0
Métis - Single responses	615	0	600	0
Métis - Multiple responses	1,890	115	1,780	0
Portuguese - Total responses	2,080	70	1,910	90
Portuguese - Single responses	795	30	745	20
Portuguese - Multiple responses	1,285	40	1,165	70
American - Total responses	3,005	445	2,540	25
American - Single responses	345	85	255	0
American - Multiple responses	2,660	355	2,280	25
Spanish - Total responses	3,780	60	3,365	310
Spanish - Single responses	785	25	640	115
Spanish - Multiple responses	2,995	35	2,725	195
Swedish - Total responses	225	95	120	0
Swedish - Single responses	45	15	30	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	180	75	95	0
Hungarian - Total responses	830	100	680	35
Hungarian - Single responses	185	25	145	20
Hungarian - Multiple responses	640	80	530	15
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 95}	634,200	10,485	619,485	3,465
Without income	19,730	395	18,975	235
With income	614,470	10,090	600,500	3,230
Under $5,000^{Footnote 96}	40,675	875	39,135	535
$5,000 to $9,999	42,015	845	40,625	445
$10,000 to $14,999	56,665	1,045	55,145	270
$15,000 to $19,999	55,340	980	54,025	260
$20,000 to $29,999	87,640	1,280	85,885	405
$30,000 to $39,999	92,685	1,300	90,975	365
$40,000 to $49,999	76,430	1,045	75,075	305
$50,000 to $59,999	53,715	835	52,680	195
$60,000 to $79,999	62,420	1,050	61,130	240
$80,000 to $99,999	23,180	385	22,675	115
$100,000 and over	23,705	450	23,155	105
$100,000 to $124,999	11,620	185	11,405	25
$125,000 and over	12,090	270	11,750	75
Median income $^{Footnote 97}	32,777	30,056	32,883	22,989
Average income $^{Footnote 98}	39,124	41,481	39,148	32,008
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 99}	634,195	10,490	619,485	3,465
Without after-tax income	19,795	375	19,065	235
With after-tax income	614,400	10,115	600,420	3,230
Under $5,000^{Footnote 100}	42,345	935	40,740	540
$5,000 to $9,999	44,315	845	42,920	440
$10,000 to $14,999	57,035	1,055	55,510	270
$15,000 to $19,999	62,090	1,035	60,675	300
$20,000 to $29,999	113,100	1,675	110,865	475
$30,000 to $39,999	113,790	1,575	111,745	440
$40,000 to $49,999	79,420	1,150	77,925	330
$50,000 to $59,999	47,795	820	46,800	170
$60,000 to $79,999	35,220	590	34,445	170
$80,000 to $99,999	10,035	205	9,810	20
$100,000 and over	9,270	220	8,975	75
Median after-tax income $^{Footnote 101}	29,053	26,929	29,134	22,148
Average after-tax income $^{Footnote 102}	32,396	34,051	32,416	27,193
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^{Footnote 103}	634,195	10,490	619,480	3,465
With employment income	450,350	7,130	440,570	2,500
Median employment income $^{Footnote 104}	32,924	29,356	33,011	23,049
Average employment income $^{Footnote 105}	38,744	40,088	38,760	33,162
With wages and salaries	425,830	6,700	416,650	2,355
Median wages and salaries $^{Footnote 106}	33,617	29,669	33,728	22,631
Average wages and salaries $^{Footnote 107}	38,121	39,649	38,145	30,853
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	427,295	6,670	417,990	2,490
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 108}	237,770	3,200	233,435	1,085
All others^{Footnote 109}	189,525	3,470	184,555	1,400

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

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Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

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Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

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Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 35

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Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 44

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Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 56

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Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 62

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Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 65

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Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 74

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Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

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Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

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Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 93

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Footnote 94

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Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 96

Including loss.

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Footnote 97

For population with income.

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Footnote 98

For population with income.

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Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 100

Including loss.

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Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

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Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

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Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011043.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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