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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Newfoundland and Labrador / Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 31.4 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	431,050	397,665	33,380	415,540	15,505	428,670	2,380
Male	208,500	183,860	24,640	195,680	12,820	206,485	2,015
Female	222,540	213,805	8,740	219,860	2,685	222,185	360
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	431,045	397,665	33,385	415,540	15,510	428,670	2,380
15 to 24 years	59,445	59,225	220	59,435	0	59,445	0
25 to 54 years	214,020	189,340	24,680	203,065	10,955	212,545	1,480
25 to 34 years	57,020	53,130	3,885	55,375	1,640	56,915	105
35 to 44 years	71,775	62,105	9,670	66,970	4,805	71,045	730
45 to 54 years	85,225	74,100	11,125	80,715	4,515	84,585	645
55 to 64 years	81,220	74,370	6,855	77,500	3,725	80,565	655
65 years and over	76,360	74,730	1,630	75,550	810	76,115	240
65 to 74 years	48,040	46,640	1,395	47,320	715	47,835	205
75 years and over	28,320	28,090	230	28,225	95	28,280	40
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	431,045	397,665	33,380	415,545	15,505	428,670	2,380
Married or living with a common-law partner	272,710	244,265	28,445	259,140	13,570	270,540	2,175
Married (and not separated)	231,370	206,070	25,300	219,070	12,300	229,330	2,040
Living common law	41,340	38,200	3,145	40,075	1,270	41,210	130
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	158,340	153,400	4,935	156,400	1,935	158,130	205
Single (never legally married)	104,905	102,420	2,480	103,930	970	104,810	95
Separated	8,455	7,825	625	8,190	260	8,425	30
Divorced	19,620	18,175	1,445	19,065	555	19,555	60
Widowed	25,360	24,975	385	25,215	145	25,340	20
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	431,050	397,665	33,380	415,540	15,505	428,670	2,380
Total persons in households with at least one census family	369,485	339,385	30,100	355,450	14,035	367,305	2,185
Married spouses, common-law partners	270,800	242,540	28,260	257,325	13,475	268,655	2,145
Lone parents	24,120	23,050	1,065	23,760	355	24,100	15
Children in families with two parents present	47,650	47,240	405	47,560	90	47,645	0
Children in families with one parent present	17,330	17,155	170	17,280	45	17,325	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	6,390	6,310	85	6,380	0	6,390	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	3,200	3,085	110	3,145	50	3,180	0
Total persons in non-census family households	61,565	58,280	3,280	60,090	1,470	61,370	190
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	3,940	3,815	120	3,880	55	3,935	0
Living with non-relatives only	11,305	10,895	415	11,130	175	11,295	0
Living alone	46,315	43,575	2,745	45,075	1,240	46,135	180
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	431,050	397,670	33,385	415,545	15,510	428,670	2,380
Economic family persons	370,225	340,115	30,110	356,185	14,045	368,060	2,165
Couple family	323,180	294,545	28,635	309,655	13,530	321,045	2,145
Couple only	130,555	121,530	9,025	126,240	4,315	129,835	725
Couple with children	186,045	166,670	19,375	176,960	9,085	184,635	1,415
Couple with other relatives only	6,580	6,350	230	6,455	125	6,575	0
Lone-parent family	38,020	36,820	1,205	37,620	405	38,005	15
Female-parent family	30,125	29,425	700	29,935	190	30,125	0
Female-parent family with no other relatives	28,725	28,025	695	28,530	190	28,720	0
Male-parent family	7,895	7,390	505	7,685	210	7,880	0
Male-parent family with no other relatives	7,415	6,910	505	7,205	210	7,400	0
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	9,025	8,760	265	8,910	110	9,015	0
Persons not in an economic family	60,820	57,550	3,270	59,360	1,460	60,610	210
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	431,045	397,670	33,380	415,540	15,505	428,670	2,380
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	27,645	26,025	1,620	26,955	695	27,555	90
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	15,085	14,375	710	14,820	270	15,055	30
Métis single identity	5,870	5,420	445	5,600	265	5,815	55
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	4,685	4,425	265	4,615	80	4,685	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	220	185	0	210	0	215	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	1,785	1,620	165	1,715	70	1,785	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	403,405	371,640	31,765	388,590	14,815	401,115	2,290
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	431,050	397,670	33,380	415,545	15,510	428,670	2,375
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	7,770	7,345	425	7,605	165	7,765	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	423,280	390,325	32,960	407,935	15,340	420,910	2,370
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	431,050	397,665	33,380	415,545	15,505	428,670	2,375
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	33,565	31,605	1,965	32,760	810	33,515	50
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	22,965	21,700	1,265	22,455	510	22,925	40
Métis ancestry	5,210	4,875	335	5,020	185	5,205	0
Inuit ancestry	6,690	6,245	445	6,530	160	6,680	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	397,480	366,060	31,415	382,785	14,695	395,150	2,325
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	431,050	397,670	33,380	415,545	15,505	428,670	2,375
First generation^{Footnote 26}	10,290	8,405	1,885	9,025	1,265	9,945	345
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	9,120	8,045	1,075	8,595	525	8,990	130
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	411,635	381,215	30,420	397,925	13,715	409,735	1,900
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	431,050	397,665	33,380	415,545	15,505	428,670	2,380
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	5,350	4,550	800	4,770	585	5,130	215
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	1,425	1,060	365	1,145	280	1,305	115
Chinese	1,370	1,215	160	1,265	110	1,340	30
Black	1,040	985	55	1,005	35	1,020	25
Filipino	285	265	0	270	0	280	0
Latin American	145	135	0	145	0	145	0
Arab	250	185	60	185	60	240	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	315	255	55	295	0	305	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	130	100	0	105	0	110	0
Korean	60	50	0	50	0	55	0
Japanese	55	30	0	45	0	45	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	115	110	0	110	0	110	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	165	145	15	150	15	160	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	425,700	393,120	32,575	410,770	14,920	423,535	2,160
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	431,050	397,670	33,380	415,540	15,505	428,670	2,380
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	421,165	389,615	31,550	406,915	14,250	419,130	2,035
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	8,320	6,630	1,690	7,160	1,160	8,030	290
Before 1981	3,705	3,015	690	3,285	415	3,615	95
1981 to 1990	1,095	750	345	835	260	1,040	50
1991 to 2000	1,225	955	270	1,050	175	1,150	75
2001 to 2009	1,760	1,415	345	1,500	260	1,690	70
2001 to 2005	600	445	160	480	120	560	40
2006 to 2009	1,155	975	185	1,015	140	1,130	35
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	431,045	397,665	33,380	415,540	15,505	428,670	2,380
English	422,495	390,245	32,245	407,720	14,780	420,310	2,185
French	1,660	1,420	240	1,525	135	1,635	20
Non-official language	6,410	5,575	835	5,865	540	6,245	160
Aboriginal	1,855	1,830	30	1,845	15	1,855	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,550	3,745	810	4,025	525	4,390	160
English and French	160	150	0	155	0	160	0
English and non-official language	290	245	45	250	40	280	0
French and non-official language	30	25	0	25	0	25	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	431,045	397,665	33,380	415,545	15,510	428,670	2,380
English	429,090	395,970	33,125	413,730	15,365	426,735	2,355
French	1,540	1,290	250	1,395	140	1,520	20
English and French	130	120	0	130	0	130	0
Neither English nor French	285	285	0	290	0	290	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	431,050	397,670	33,385	415,540	15,505	428,670	2,375
No certificate, diploma or degree	120,640	119,250	1,395	120,020	620	120,510	130
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	100,220	97,340	2,875	98,840	1,385	99,995	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	210,190	181,075	29,115	196,690	13,500	208,160	2,030
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	152,985	137,975	15,010	146,140	6,850	152,535	450
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	56,010	50,675	5,330	53,375	2,635	55,840	170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	84,135	76,320	7,810	80,600	3,530	83,920	210
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	12,845	10,975	1,875	12,165	680	12,775	75
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	57,200	43,100	14,100	50,550	6,650	55,625	1,580
Bachelor's degree	37,280	30,500	6,780	34,015	3,265	36,680	600
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	19,925	12,605	7,315	16,535	3,390	18,945	980
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	431,050	397,670	33,380	415,540	15,505	428,670	2,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	220,860	216,590	4,265	218,855	2,000	220,505	350
Education	20,265	17,230	3,035	19,600	665	20,190	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,655	3,440	215	3,550	105	3,640	0
Humanities	6,930	6,165	765	6,645	285	6,890	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	11,420	9,845	1,575	10,625	800	11,250	175
Business, management and public administration	45,680	41,395	4,280	43,850	1,830	45,430	250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	5,030	3,835	1,195	4,430	605	4,980	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	8,595	7,855	740	8,300	295	8,575	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	53,555	43,530	10,030	48,120	5,440	52,970	585
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,525	3,210	315	3,340	185	3,500	25
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	30,730	26,455	4,275	28,740	1,990	30,005	725
Personal, protective and transportation services	20,805	18,120	2,690	19,495	1,315	20,740	70
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	431,050	397,670	33,385	415,545	15,505	428,670	2,375
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	149,020	148,115	905	148,680	340	148,980	40
All industries^{Footnote 54}	282,025	249,555	32,475	266,860	15,170	279,685	2,340
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11,235	10,965	265	11,120	110	11,215	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	9,110	4,600	4,510	6,280	2,835	8,735	380
22 Utilities	2,715	1,535	1,190	2,150	570	2,675	45
23 Construction	24,725	22,120	2,610	23,420	1,305	24,590	135
31-33 Manufacturing	19,625	18,225	1,405	18,875	750	19,570	55
41 Wholesale trade	6,710	5,890	820	6,215	495	6,645	65
44-45 Retail trade	36,055	34,675	1,380	35,490	560	35,970	90
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	13,195	11,215	1,980	12,105	1,090	13,095	105
51 Information and cultural industries	4,505	3,930	580	4,315	190	4,460	45
52 Finance and insurance	5,720	4,725	995	5,155	565	5,625	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,325	2,935	385	3,135	185	3,285	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10,885	8,475	2,405	9,425	1,455	10,580	300
55 Management of companies and enterprises	200	150	55	185	20	200	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10,075	9,385	690	9,755	325	10,055	20
61 Educational services	20,235	16,060	4,170	18,970	1,265	20,080	150
62 Health care and social assistance	38,860	35,045	3,815	37,385	1,475	38,300	565
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,540	4,435	100	4,505	35	4,530	0
72 Accommodation and food services	18,915	18,685	230	18,740	175	18,870	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	13,270	12,620	655	12,980	290	13,220	50
91 Public administration	28,120	23,885	4,230	26,650	1,465	28,000	120
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	431,050	397,665	33,380	415,545	15,505	428,670	2,380
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	149,015	148,115	905	148,685	335	148,985	40
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	282,030	249,555	32,475	266,860	15,170	279,690	2,340
0 Management occupations	21,700	15,500	6,200	18,415	3,280	21,180	515
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	36,700	34,415	2,280	35,730	970	36,535	165
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	17,895	12,350	5,540	14,885	3,005	17,490	400
3 Health occupations	19,600	16,170	3,435	18,035	1,565	18,930	670
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	37,315	31,595	5,715	35,655	1,660	37,065	250
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,820	5,665	155	5,775	45	5,810	0
6 Sales and service occupations	64,685	63,365	1,325	64,100	585	64,635	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50,820	45,285	5,540	48,090	2,725	50,680	135
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	14,395	12,950	1,450	13,510	880	14,255	140
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	13,105	12,260	840	12,655	445	13,095	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56