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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Prince Edward Island / Île-du-Prince-Édouard
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 33.4 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	114,200	108,510	5,685	111,365	2,830	113,735	470
Male	54,905	50,840	4,060	52,715	2,180	54,515	390
Female	59,295	57,670	1,630	58,645	645	59,220	80
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,370	2,835	113,735	465
15 to 24 years	18,160	18,160	0	18,160	0	18,160	0
25 to 54 years	54,525	51,145	3,375	52,885	1,635	54,235	290
25 to 34 years	14,530	14,275	250	14,435	95	14,525	0
35 to 44 years	17,735	16,560	1,175	17,185	550	17,590	150
45 to 54 years	22,255	20,305	1,950	21,260	995	22,110	145
55 to 64 years	20,490	18,750	1,740	19,530	955	20,375	120
65 years and over	21,025	20,455	575	20,785	240	20,965	60
65 to 74 years	12,240	11,905	330	12,060	175	12,190	45
75 years and over	8,790	8,550	240	8,725	60	8,780	10
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,730	465
Married or living with a common-law partner	69,600	64,945	4,655	67,200	2,400	69,205	395
Married (and not separated)	60,535	56,185	4,355	58,320	2,215	60,190	345
Living common law	9,060	8,765	300	8,885	180	9,010	55
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	44,600	43,565	1,040	44,165	435	44,530	70
Single (never legally married)	29,000	28,595	405	28,790	210	28,950	50
Separated	3,210	3,055	155	3,160	55	3,210	0
Divorced	6,085	5,800	290	5,975	110	6,085	0
Widowed	6,305	6,120	185	6,235	65	6,285	0
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,730	470
Total persons in households with at least one census family	95,240	90,340	4,900	92,730	2,510	94,805	430
Married spouses, common-law partners	69,050	64,435	4,615	66,670	2,385	68,660	390
Lone parents	6,350	6,130	220	6,250	100	6,310	0
Children in families with two parents present	13,690	13,675	15	13,685	0	13,690	0
Children in families with one parent present	4,290	4,275	15	4,285	0	4,290	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	1,160	1,130	35	1,145	0	1,160	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	695	695	0	700	0	695	0
Total persons in non-census family households	18,960	18,170	790	18,635	325	18,925	35
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	930	915	0	925	0	935	0
Living with non-relatives only	3,650	3,580	70	3,620	35	3,640	0
Living alone	14,380	13,670	710	14,090	290	14,350	30
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,830	113,730	465
Economic family persons	95,475	90,560	4,910	92,960	2,510	95,040	430
Couple family	83,670	79,055	4,610	81,280	2,395	83,280	390
Couple only	32,725	30,950	1,775	31,855	870	32,590	145
Couple with children	49,860	47,070	2,790	48,355	1,505	49,610	245
Couple with other relatives only	1,080	1,035	50	1,065	0	1,080	0
Lone-parent family	9,865	9,615	255	9,755	115	9,825	0
Female-parent family	8,175	8,040	135	8,155	20	8,175	0
Female-parent family with no other relatives	7,785	7,685	100	7,765	15	7,780	0
Male-parent family	1,685	1,570	115	1,600	90	1,645	0
Male-parent family with no other relatives	1,655	1,540	115	1,565	90	1,615	0
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	1,935	1,890	45	1,930	0	1,935	0
Persons not in an economic family	18,725	17,950	780	18,405	320	18,690	35
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,730	470
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	1,605	1,520	85	1,525	0	1,560	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	1,105	1,065	35	1,075	0	1,100	0
Métis single identity	305	300	0	305	0	305	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	40	30	0	30	0	40	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	150	105	0	110	0	105	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	112,595	106,990	5,605	109,840	2,755	112,170	425
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,830	113,730	465
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	720	640	80	655	0	685	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	113,480	107,865	5,610	110,710	2,765	113,055	425
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	114,195	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,730	465
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	3,110	3,020	90	3,065	45	3,110	0
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	2,675	2,605	70	2,640	0	2,675	0
Métis ancestry	340	325	0	335	0	340	0
Inuit ancestry	125	110	0	115	0	125	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	111,090	105,490	5,600	108,300	2,790	110,620	465
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,370	2,835	113,735	470
First generation^{Footnote 26}	7,300	6,790	515	6,965	340	7,210	90
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	6,990	6,490	500	6,700	290	6,965	20
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	99,910	95,230	4,680	97,710	2,200	99,555	345
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	114,195	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,830	113,730	465
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	3,170	3,005	165	3,080	90	3,140	30
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	340	320	0	330	0	335	0
Chinese	1,435	1,390	45	1,420	0	1,420	0
Black	295	280	20	290	0	295	0
Filipino	70	70	0	70	0	70	0
Latin American	195	185	0	185	0	190	0
Arab	165	140	25	140	20	165	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	140	135	0	140	0	140	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	285	245	35	260	0	275	0
Korean	65	60	0	60	0	65	0
Japanese	115	115	0	115	0	120	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	70	65	0	70	0	70	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	111,025	105,505	5,525	108,290	2,740	110,590	440
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	114,195	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,830	113,735	465
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	107,090	101,880	5,210	104,585	2,500	106,710	370
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	6,415	5,950	465	6,095	320	6,325	85
Before 1981	2,515	2,360	160	2,405	110	2,500	20
1981 to 1990	610	540	70	570	40	605	0
1991 to 2000	705	595	110	615	90	665	0
2001 to 2009	1,475	1,395	80	1,420	55	1,460	0
2001 to 2005	540	500	40	505	35	525	0
2006 to 2009	935	895	40	915	0	935	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	114,200	108,505	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,730	465
English	105,590	100,405	5,190	103,025	2,570	105,165	430
French	4,365	4,150	215	4,245	115	4,355	0
Non-official language	3,935	3,660	275	3,795	140	3,905	30
Aboriginal	85	85	0	85	0	85	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,850	3,575	275	3,705	145	3,825	30
English and French	150	150	0	150	0	150	0
English and non-official language	155	150	0	150	0	160	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,730	470
English	109,420	103,970	5,450	106,715	2,705	108,965	450
French	4,130	3,915	215	4,010	120	4,120	0
English and French	110	110	0	110	0	110	0
Neither English nor French	545	515	25	530	0	540	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,730	470
No certificate, diploma or degree	24,860	24,570	290	24,685	175	24,840	0
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	29,970	29,420	550	29,675	290	29,940	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	59,370	54,520	4,850	57,005	2,365	58,955	415
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	39,925	38,155	1,770	39,185	740	39,785	145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	11,990	11,445	545	11,760	230	11,955	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,065	23,120	940	23,710	345	24,000	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	3,875	3,590	285	3,715	160	3,830	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,445	16,360	3,085	17,825	1,620	19,165	275
Bachelor's degree	13,195	11,625	1,565	12,455	735	13,070	125
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	6,250	4,735	1,515	5,365	890	6,100	145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,830	113,730	470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	54,830	53,990	840	54,360	470	54,780	50
Education	5,095	4,715	375	4,980	115	5,085	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,240	1,165	75	1,190	0	1,195	0
Humanities	3,200	2,885	315	3,085	115	3,195	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,690	4,160	530	4,375	315	4,600	90
Business, management and public administration	14,845	13,880	970	14,380	465	14,785	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,150	1,905	245	2,040	105	2,135	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,600	1,420	180	1,520	85	1,605	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,565	10,585	980	11,135	425	11,520	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,380	1,240	140	1,305	80	1,370	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	9,405	8,585	825	8,870	540	9,260	145
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,205	3,980	230	4,125	80	4,200	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	114,200	108,505	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,730	470
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	28,890	28,410	480	28,740	155	28,830	60
All industries^{Footnote 54}	85,310	80,105	5,210	82,630	2,680	84,905	410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	7,660	7,415	245	7,485	175	7,610	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	495	410	85	435	55	495	0
22 Utilities	365	190	170	285	75	350	0
23 Construction	5,930	5,555	370	5,750	180	5,900	30
31-33 Manufacturing	6,355	6,115	245	6,245	110	6,345	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,955	1,790	165	1,855	105	1,930	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,810	9,530	280	9,650	155	9,800	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,860	2,730	130	2,820	35	2,855	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,115	995	120	1,055	65	1,080	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,925	1,720	210	1,800	125	1,915	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,020	975	40	990	30	1,015	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,700	3,240	460	3,455	245	3,680	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	50	0	50	0	50	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,445	3,330	115	3,375	70	3,445	0
61 Educational services	6,665	6,000	665	6,285	375	6,645	15
62 Health care and social assistance	8,150	7,690	455	7,915	235	8,075	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,840	1,810	30	1,830	0	1,840	0
72 Accommodation and food services	7,090	7,025	65	7,060	0	7,090	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,605	3,410	195	3,520	90	3,595	0
91 Public administration	11,270	10,110	1,160	10,760	510	11,205	65
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	114,200	108,510	5,690	111,365	2,835	113,735	465
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	28,885	28,405	485	28,735	155	28,830	55
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	85,310	80,100	5,205	82,630	2,680	84,900	410
0 Management occupations	7,700	6,180	1,520	6,875	825	7,530	165
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,635	12,025	610	12,405	235	12,600	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,865	3,370	495	3,615	250	3,860	0
3 Health occupations	5,330	4,830	500	4,985	345	5,225	100
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,675	8,580	1,090	9,110	565	9,625	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,960	1,890	75	1,915	0	1,920	0
6 Sales and service occupations	20,545	20,355	190	20,480	65	20,545	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,800	12,310	495	12,585	220	12,800	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	6,960	6,840	125	6,870	90	6,960	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,835	3,725	105	3,790	40	3,830	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56