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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Québec^{Footnote 2}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 3} = 21.4 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 4	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 7	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 8}	634,195	588,405	45,795	612,290	21,905	629,970	4,230
Male	308,095	275,235	32,860	291,540	16,560	304,660	3,430
Female	326,105	313,165	12,935	320,755	5,350	325,310	800
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 9}	634,200	588,405	45,795	612,290	21,905	629,970	4,230
15 to 24 years	94,500	94,450	45	94,490	0	94,500	0
25 to 54 years	318,160	287,935	30,225	304,230	13,930	315,795	2,370
25 to 34 years	106,130	103,010	3,115	104,960	1,170	105,920	205
35 to 44 years	92,900	82,935	9,965	88,600	4,300	92,160	745
45 to 54 years	119,130	101,985	17,140	110,670	8,455	117,715	1,415
55 to 64 years	109,605	98,275	11,335	103,820	5,780	108,360	1,250
65 years and over	111,930	107,740	4,195	109,750	2,185	111,315	615
65 to 74 years	67,935	65,175	2,755	66,385	1,555	67,450	485
75 years and over	44,000	42,560	1,435	43,365	630	43,865	130
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 10}	634,200	588,405	45,800	612,295	21,905	629,965	4,230
Married or living with a common-law partner	368,270	332,010	36,260	350,410	17,860	364,555	3,720
Married (and not separated)	201,050	179,765	21,285	190,075	10,975	198,460	2,590
Living common law	167,225	152,245	14,980	160,340	6,885	166,100	1,125
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	265,925	256,390	9,535	261,880	4,045	265,415	510
Single (never legally married)	185,780	180,965	4,815	183,860	1,920	185,550	230
Separated	8,010	7,350	665	7,760	255	7,975	40
Divorced	42,360	39,450	2,915	40,965	1,395	42,175	180
Widowed	29,770	28,630	1,145	29,300	470	29,710	65
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 11}	634,200	588,405	45,795	612,295	21,910	629,965	4,235
Total persons in households with at least one census family	483,345	444,315	39,030	464,240	19,105	479,470	3,875
Married spouses, common-law partners	365,975	329,815	36,160	348,180	17,795	362,275	3,705
Lone parents	30,225	27,650	2,575	29,055	1,170	30,060	160
Children in families with two parents present	56,305	56,230	70	56,285	25	56,305	0
Children in families with one parent present	24,430	24,295	135	24,350	75	24,425	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	3,530	3,465	60	3,495	40	3,530	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	2,885	2,860	25	2,875	0	2,885	0
Total persons in non-census family households	150,850	144,085	6,765	148,050	2,800	150,495	360
Living with relatives^{Footnote 13}	5,790	5,650	140	5,770	20	5,780	0
Living with non-relatives only	25,485	25,185	295	25,370	120	25,485	0
Living alone	119,575	113,250	6,325	116,915	2,660	119,230	345
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 14}	634,195	588,400	45,800	612,290	21,905	629,970	4,230
Economic family persons	486,255	447,105	39,150	467,135	19,115	482,365	3,885
Couple family	424,000	387,750	36,245	406,195	17,805	420,295	3,705
Couple only	192,740	178,765	13,975	185,725	7,015	191,255	1,485
Couple with children	227,735	205,615	22,120	217,010	10,730	225,520	2,215
Couple with other relatives only	3,525	3,370	155	3,460	65	3,520	0
Lone-parent family	53,815	51,125	2,690	52,570	1,245	53,650	165
Female-parent family	39,965	38,485	1,485	39,365	605	39,900	70
Female-parent family with no other relatives	38,925	37,460	1,465	38,340	585	38,855	70
Male-parent family	13,850	12,640	1,205	13,210	635	13,755	95
Male-parent family with no other relatives	13,555	12,375	1,180	12,925	630	13,460	95
Other economic family^{Footnote 15}	8,435	8,230	210	8,375	65	8,425	15
Persons not in an economic family	147,945	141,295	6,650	145,160	2,790	147,600	345
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	634,195	588,400	45,795	612,290	21,905	629,965	4,230
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 16}	5,255	4,940	320	5,140	115	5,230	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 17}	2,820	2,660	160	2,765	55	2,805	15
Métis single identity	1,920	1,795	125	1,870	50	1,910	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	90	85	0	85	0	85	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 18}	120	120	0	120	0	115	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 19}	310	280	30	295	0	310	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	628,945	583,465	45,480	607,155	21,785	624,735	4,210
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 20}	634,200	588,400	45,795	612,290	21,910	629,970	4,230
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 21}	1,995	1,860	135	1,950	50	1,985	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	632,200	586,540	45,655	610,345	21,860	627,980	4,220
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	634,200	588,400	45,800	612,295	21,905	629,965	4,230
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 23}	16,390	15,560	825	16,065	320	16,360	30
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 24}	14,545	13,815	730	14,265	280	14,520	25
Métis ancestry	1,890	1,790	100	1,845	40	1,880	0
Inuit ancestry	200	200	0	195	0	205	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 25}	617,810	572,840	44,975	596,225	21,585	613,610	4,205
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 26}	634,200	588,405	45,795	612,290	21,905	629,970	4,230
First generation^{Footnote 27}	32,270	30,215	2,055	31,280	995	32,065	205
Second generation^{Footnote 28}	13,965	13,055	910	13,555	415	13,875	95
Third generation or more^{Footnote 29}	587,960	545,130	42,830	567,460	20,500	584,025	3,935
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 30}	634,200	588,405	45,800	612,290	21,905	629,970	4,230
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 31}	16,965	16,255	705	16,670	290	16,885	80
South Asian^{Footnote 32}	740	735	0	735	0	740	0
Chinese	1,555	1,510	45	1,545	0	1,550	0
Black	4,395	4,280	115	4,365	25	4,390	0
Filipino	80	70	0	80	0	80	0
Latin American	4,335	4,165	175	4,270	70	4,335	0
Arab	3,130	2,920	215	3,025	100	3,080	50
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 33}	1,745	1,640	110	1,685	55	1,725	0
West Asian^{Footnote 34}	215	210	0	215	0	210	0
Korean	105	105	0	105	0	110	0
Japanese	170	160	0	170	0	170	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 35}	180	170	0	175	0	185	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 36}	305	305	0	310	0	305	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 37}	617,230	572,140	45,090	595,620	21,610	613,080	4,150
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 38}	634,200	588,405	45,800	612,290	21,910	629,965	4,230
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 39}	602,995	559,175	43,825	582,040	20,960	598,960	4,035
Immigrants^{Footnote 40}	28,610	26,725	1,880	27,700	910	28,425	180
Before 1981	6,025	5,330	690	5,675	345	5,985	35
1981 to 1990	3,555	3,105	450	3,245	300	3,490	65
1991 to 2000	5,420	5,050	370	5,295	125	5,385	35
2001 to 2009	11,505	11,170	340	11,400	110	11,465	40
2001 to 2005	5,505	5,310	195	5,440	70	5,475	0
2006 to 2009	6,000	5,860	140	5,960	40	5,990	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 41}	634,195	588,400	45,795	612,290	21,905	629,965	4,230
English	9,465	8,735	730	9,100	370	9,365	105
French	605,165	561,120	44,045	584,100	21,065	601,140	4,025
Non-official language	17,555	16,690	865	17,160	390	17,465	85
Aboriginal	195	190	0	195	0	195	0
Non-Aboriginal	17,360	16,495	865	16,970	390	17,270	85
English and French	875	820	55	840	30	865	0
English and non-official language	100	85	15	95	0	100	0
French and non-official language	990	910	85	950	35	985	0
English, French and non-official language	50	50	0	50	0	50	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 42}	634,200	588,405	45,795	612,295	21,910	629,965	4,230
English	10,485	9,675	815	10,070	420	10,380	115
French	619,485	574,725	44,750	598,090	21,395	615,395	4,085
English and French	3,465	3,250	220	3,375	95	3,440	0
Neither English nor French	760	750	0	760	0	760	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 43}	634,200	588,400	45,795	612,290	21,905	629,970	4,230
No certificate, diploma or degree	96,765	95,980	785	96,405	365	96,710	55
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 44}	133,815	130,380	3,430	132,325	1,490	133,565	250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 45}	403,615	362,040	41,575	383,560	20,055	399,695	3,925
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	261,480	248,460	13,020	256,155	5,320	260,835	650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 46}	103,025	99,675	3,345	101,660	1,365	102,905	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	127,380	120,635	6,740	124,640	2,740	127,020	355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	31,080	28,145	2,935	29,860	1,215	30,905	175
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	142,135	113,580	28,555	127,405	14,730	138,865	3,275
Bachelor's degree	89,770	75,660	14,115	83,265	6,505	88,670	1,100
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 48}	52,365	37,925	14,440	44,140	8,225	50,190	2,170
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 49}	634,200	588,400	45,795	612,290	21,905	629,965	4,230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 50}	230,585	226,360	4,220	228,725	1,850	230,270	310
Education	31,895	30,135	1,765	31,315	585	31,800	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	16,050	15,550	495	15,870	175	16,030	0
Humanities	24,285	22,885	1,400	23,655	630	24,165	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	38,590	33,125	5,465	35,770	2,815	38,070	520
Business, management and public administration	94,345	82,280	12,065	88,485	5,865	93,395	955
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15,510	13,715	1,795	14,635	875	15,435	75
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	18,855	16,535	2,315	17,995	860	18,770	85
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	76,660	68,370	8,285	73,055	3,605	76,175	485
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,710	7,785	925	8,265	445	8,635	70
Health and related fields^{Footnote 51}	50,745	45,180	5,565	47,195	3,550	49,320	1,430
Personal, protective and transportation services	27,690	26,220	1,470	27,045	645	27,625	70
Other fields of study^{Footnote 52}	280	255	25	280	0	280	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 53}	634,195	588,400	45,800	612,295	21,905	629,965	4,230
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 54}	178,040	175,095	2,940	177,005	1,035	177,825	215
All industries^{Footnote 55}	456,155	413,305	42,855	435,285	20,870	452,140	4,015
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,940	2,830	115	2,885	60	2,935	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	540	395	145	420	120	510	30
22 Utilities	2,705	1,705	995	2,270	435	2,690	10
23 Construction	23,360	21,190	2,170	22,420	940	23,210	150
31-33 Manufacturing	32,685	29,695	2,990	31,105	1,575	32,385	300
41 Wholesale trade	15,205	13,070	2,140	13,880	1,330	14,970	240
44-45 Retail trade	57,195	55,180	2,015	56,280	915	57,035	160
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	16,295	15,295	1,000	15,760	535	16,140	155
51 Information and cultural industries	7,710	6,735	975	7,290	420	7,680	30
52 Finance and insurance	21,705	17,920	3,780	19,885	1,825	21,365	340
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	6,755	5,995	755	6,330	420	6,585	165
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	33,425	27,715	5,710	30,145	3,280	32,755	680
55 Management of companies and enterprises	280	220	60	235	45	260	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	17,045	16,370	675	16,735	310	17,030	10
61 Educational services	34,535	31,025	3,510	32,870	1,670	34,455	80
62 Health care and social assistance	59,335	54,735	4,600	56,625	2,710	58,080	1,250
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	8,905	8,580	325	8,760	140	8,890	0
72 Accommodation and food services	32,905	32,580	320	32,745	160	32,885	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	19,975	18,905	1,070	19,520	455	19,915	60
91 Public administration	62,660	53,165	9,490	59,130	3,525	62,350	305
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 56}	634,195	588,405	45,795	612,290	21,905	629,970	4,230
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 57}	178,035	175,095	2,940	177,005	1,035	177,825	215
All occupations^{Footnote 58}	456,160	413,310	42,855	435,285	20,870	452,145	4,015
0 Management occupations	39,390	26,250	13,140	31,940	7,455	37,995	1,395
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	84,200	78,445	5,755	82,000	2,195	83,895	310
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	39,915	33,955	5,955	37,595	2,320	39,675	240
3 Health occupations	34,175	29,840	4,335	31,150	3,025	32,810	1,365
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	59,950	53,245	6,705	56,805	3,140	59,510	440
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15,125	14,535	595	14,935	195	15,105	20
6 Sales and service occupations	114,815	111,640	3,170	113,360	1,455	114,630	180
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	51,890	49,445	2,440	51,085	805	51,850	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,365	3,285	80	3,320	50	3,340	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	13,335	12,665	665	13,095	235	13,330	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

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Footnote 3

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 4

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 7

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 8

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 9

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 10

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 11

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 14

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 15

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 16

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 18

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 19

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 22

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 24

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 26

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 27

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 28

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 29

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 30

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 31

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 32

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 34

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 35

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 37

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 38

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 41

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 42

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 43

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 44

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 45

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 46

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 47

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 48

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 49

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 50

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 51

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 52

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 53

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 54

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 55

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 56

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 57