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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 27.9 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	132,990	119,160	13,830	126,705	6,285	132,220	765
Male	64,595	55,150	9,440	59,640	4,955	63,970	620
Female	68,390	64,010	4,385	67,070	1,330	68,245	145
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	132,985	119,160	13,825	126,705	6,285	132,220	770
15 to 24 years	20,960	20,870	85	20,945	15	20,955	0
25 to 54 years	66,200	56,265	9,935	61,840	4,360	65,720	480
25 to 34 years	19,090	17,645	1,445	18,600	490	19,080	0
35 to 44 years	20,535	17,010	3,520	19,135	1,400	20,400	135
45 to 54 years	26,575	21,610	4,965	24,110	2,465	26,235	340
55 to 64 years	21,975	19,025	2,955	20,390	1,585	21,760	220
65 years and over	23,855	23,000	855	23,530	325	23,790	65
65 to 74 years	13,735	13,140	595	13,475	260	13,685	50
75 years and over	10,125	9,860	265	10,055	65	10,105	0
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	132,985	119,160	13,825	126,705	6,285	132,220	765
Married or living with a common-law partner	79,070	67,955	11,120	73,730	5,345	78,380	690
Married (and not separated)	63,920	54,205	9,715	59,210	4,705	63,265	650
Living common law	15,155	13,750	1,405	14,520	635	15,115	40
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	53,915	51,205	2,710	52,975	940	53,840	75
Single (never legally married)	33,995	32,935	1,060	33,690	305	33,960	35
Separated	4,515	4,080	435	4,340	175	4,510	0
Divorced	7,420	6,590	825	7,085	340	7,400	20
Widowed	7,980	7,590	390	7,860	120	7,970	0
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	132,990	119,155	13,830	126,705	6,280	132,220	770
Total persons in households with at least one census family	108,555	96,400	12,150	102,830	5,730	107,855	705
Married spouses, common-law partners	78,480	67,420	11,060	73,155	5,320	77,795	690
Lone parents	7,700	6,990	710	7,435	265	7,700	0
Children in families with two parents present	14,205	14,030	175	14,110	90	14,200	0
Children in families with one parent present	5,745	5,625	115	5,695	50	5,740	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	1,495	1,445	50	1,490	0	1,495	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	935	895	40	935	0	935	0
Total persons in non-census family households	24,430	22,760	1,670	23,875	560	24,370	60
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	890	850	40	875	0	885	0
Living with non-relatives only	4,355	4,195	160	4,320	35	4,355	0
Living alone	19,190	17,715	1,475	18,675	510	19,125	65
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	132,985	119,160	13,830	126,705	6,285	132,225	770
Economic family persons	108,510	96,355	12,155	102,770	5,735	107,810	705
Couple family	93,665	82,410	11,260	88,260	5,405	92,970	695
Couple only	37,700	34,045	3,655	35,805	1,895	37,500	200
Couple with children	54,705	47,225	7,485	51,275	3,440	54,215	495
Couple with other relatives only	1,255	1,135	125	1,185	75	1,255	0
Lone-parent family	12,830	12,050	785	12,530	305	12,825	10
Female-parent family	9,940	9,475	470	9,770	170	9,945	0
Female-parent family with no other relatives	9,605	9,150	455	9,435	165	9,605	0
Male-parent family	2,890	2,575	315	2,755	135	2,880	10
Male-parent family with no other relatives	2,840	2,525	315	2,710	135	2,835	0
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	2,015	1,905	105	1,985	30	2,010	0
Persons not in an economic family	24,475	22,805	1,675	23,930	545	24,415	60
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	132,990	119,160	13,830	126,705	6,280	132,220	765
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	10,590	9,990	600	10,385	200	10,580	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	4,865	4,660	205	4,780	85	4,865	0
Métis single identity	5,395	5,020	375	5,285	105	5,390	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	20	20	0	20	0	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	70	60	0	60	0	70	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	240	235	0	240	0	245	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	122,405	109,170	13,235	116,315	6,085	121,640	760
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	132,990	119,160	13,825	126,705	6,280	132,225	765
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	4,005	3,820	190	3,910	95	4,000	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	128,985	115,340	13,640	122,800	6,185	128,220	760
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	132,990	119,160	13,830	126,700	6,285	132,225	770
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	13,600	12,705	895	13,260	345	13,590	15
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	8,135	7,620	515	7,890	250	8,125	10
Métis ancestry	5,655	5,245	410	5,540	115	5,655	0
Inuit ancestry	75	70	0	75	0	70	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	119,385	106,455	12,930	113,445	5,940	118,635	750
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	132,990	119,155	13,830	126,705	6,285	132,220	770
First generation^{Footnote 26}	10,325	9,150	1,175	9,695	635	10,185	135
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	15,760	13,675	2,085	14,720	1,040	15,560	200
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	106,900	96,335	10,565	102,295	4,605	106,475	425
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	132,990	119,155	13,825	126,705	6,285	132,220	770
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	3,330	3,015	315	3,155	170	3,290	40
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	540	480	60	500	40	535	0
Chinese	675	620	60	645	30	655	15
Black	660	610	50	650	15	660	0
Filipino	155	150	0	155	0	155	0
Latin American	270	240	25	250	15	270	0
Arab	315	280	40	290	20	310	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	275	250	25	255	0	270	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	80	75	0	70	0	75	0
Korean	125	100	30	110	0	125	0
Japanese	25	25	0	25	0	25	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	50	55	0	55	0	55	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	155	135	15	145	0	150	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	129,660	116,150	13,510	123,545	6,110	128,935	725
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	132,990	119,160	13,830	126,705	6,285	132,220	765
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	122,850	110,150	12,705	117,200	5,655	122,215	635
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	9,565	8,515	1,050	8,965	600	9,440	120
Before 1981	6,970	6,265	700	6,545	425	6,865	100
1981 to 1990	675	560	115	615	60	660	15
1991 to 2000	875	735	140	790	85	870	0
2001 to 2009	850	770	80	820	35	850	0
2001 to 2005	495	440	55	475	20	490	0
2006 to 2009	360	330	25	345	10	355	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	132,990	119,160	13,825	126,705	6,285	132,220	765
English	86,690	77,580	9,105	82,520	4,170	86,125	565
French	35,310	31,780	3,525	33,845	1,460	35,215	95
Non-official language	9,545	8,425	1,120	8,935	620	9,435	110
Aboriginal	190	175	20	180	0	195	0
Non-Aboriginal	9,355	8,255	1,105	8,745	610	9,245	105
English and French	830	810	20	830	0	830	0
English and non-official language	525	480	45	500	25	530	0
French and non-official language	85	85	0	80	0	85	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	132,985	119,155	13,830	126,705	6,285	132,220	765
English	97,390	87,140	10,255	92,605	4,780	96,720	670
French	35,020	31,490	3,535	33,545	1,480	34,925	95
English and French	350	305	45	325	25	345	0
Neither English nor French	230	230	0	230	0	235	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	132,990	119,160	13,830	126,705	6,285	132,225	770
No certificate, diploma or degree	28,240	27,780	460	28,025	215	28,220	20
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	32,630	31,075	1,555	31,885	745	32,560	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	72,110	60,300	11,815	66,795	5,320	71,435	680
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	51,325	45,765	5,560	49,025	2,295	51,160	160
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	14,110	12,610	1,495	13,430	680	14,090	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	34,140	30,595	3,545	32,705	1,430	34,055	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	3,075	2,555	520	2,890	180	3,020	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,795	14,540	6,250	17,765	3,025	20,275	520
Bachelor's degree	13,235	9,870	3,365	11,875	1,355	13,040	195
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	7,560	4,670	2,885	5,890	1,670	7,235	325
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	132,985	119,155	13,825	126,705	6,280	132,220	765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	60,875	58,855	2,015	59,910	960	60,785	90
Education	5,755	4,325	1,430	5,400	355	5,745	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,440	1,370	70	1,400	35	1,440	0
Humanities	2,860	2,355	500	2,680	180	2,840	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,935	5,950	980	6,455	480	6,860	70
Business, management and public administration	12,905	11,270	1,635	11,955	945	12,780	125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,530	1,770	765	2,205	330	2,505	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,580	1,460	120	1,540	40	1,575	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	19,270	15,545	3,725	17,375	1,890	19,110	160
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,095	965	130	1,040	60	1,090	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	12,505	10,470	2,035	11,600	905	12,255	245
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,235	4,810	425	5,130	105	5,225	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	132,990	119,160	13,830	126,705	6,285	132,220	765
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	43,250	42,640	610	43,075	180	43,205	40
All industries^{Footnote 54}	89,735	76,515	13,220	83,635	6,105	89,015	725
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	320	310	0	320	0	320	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	7,290	4,165	3,125	5,435	1,860	7,210	80
22 Utilities	505	310	190	425	75	505	0
23 Construction	6,200	5,615	580	5,915	280	6,110	85
31-33 Manufacturing	3,495	2,985	510	3,255	235	3,465	35
41 Wholesale trade	3,185	2,695	495	2,950	230	3,140	40
44-45 Retail trade	11,370	10,865	505	11,045	330	11,325	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,820	3,440	375	3,685	135	3,805	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,420	1,295	120	1,365	55	1,410	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,395	2,010	385	2,200	195	2,365	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,570	1,355	225	1,485	90	1,565	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,525	3,585	935	3,960	560	4,445	75
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	0	20	0	25	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,025	2,920	105	2,955	65	3,020	0
61 Educational services	8,240	6,000	2,235	7,530	705	8,205	30
62 Health care and social assistance	12,135	10,360	1,770	11,455	680	11,925	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,985	1,955	35	1,975	0	1,985	0
72 Accommodation and food services	6,315	6,195	120	6,260	55	6,310	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,135	3,845	285	4,020	110	4,100	30
91 Public administration	7,800	6,595	1,205	7,370	430	7,775	25
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	132,985	119,160	13,830	126,705	6,280	132,220	765
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	43,250	42,640	605	43,070	180	43,205	40
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	89,735	76,520	13,220	83,630	6,105	89,015	725
0 Management occupations	7,175	4,885	2,295	5,790	1,385	6,965	215
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	15,170	14,025	1,150	14,725	435	15,085	85
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,090	3,335	1,750	4,170	915	5,010	85
3 Health occupations	6,440	4,845	1,595	5,715	730	6,230	210
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	11,420	8,775	2,645	10,675	740	11,370	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,030	1,975	55	2,015	15	2,030	0
6 Sales and service occupations	22,115	21,400	720	21,785	330	22,070	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,470	12,860	1,610	13,800	670	14,440	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,120	2,930	1,195	3,340	775	4,115	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,710	1,500	210	1,610	100	1,710	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56