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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural, Education and Labour Characteristics (322), Sex (3) and Income Status in 2010 (6) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics , sex and income status in 2010 for the population in private households in Terrace
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 22.0 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics (322)	Income status in 2010 (6)
	Total - Income status in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure^Footnote 2	Population for the income status based on after-tax low-income measure	Low-income population	Prevalence of low income %	Other population	Concept not applicable^Footnote 3
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 4}	15,360	15,280	2,975	19.5	12,305	80
Under 15 years	3,040	3,020	875	29.0	2,145	15
15 to 24 years	2,200	2,185	350	16.0	1,840	15
25 to 54 years	6,180	6,150	1,235	20.1	4,915	30
25 to 34 years	1,680	1,675	445	26.6	1,230	0
35 to 44 years	2,125	2,115	370	17.5	1,745	0
45 to 54 years	2,375	2,360	420	17.8	1,940	15
55 to 64 years	2,055	2,045	295	14.4	1,755	10
65 years and over	1,885	1,875	225	12.0	1,650	10
65 to 74 years	1,170	1,165	115	9.9	1,050	0
75 years and over	715	715	110	15.4	605	10
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 5}	15,360	15,280	2,975	19.5	12,310	80
Married or living with a common-law partner	7,090	7,070	800	11.3	6,270	25
Married (and not separated)	5,515	5,490	425	7.7	5,065	20
Living common law	1,580	1,580	370	23.4	1,210	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	8,265	8,215	2,180	26.5	6,035	55
Single (never legally married)	6,480	6,440	1,745	27.1	4,690	45
Separated	435	430	125	29.1	305	0
Divorced	685	685	190	27.7	495	0
Widowed	670	660	125	18.9	540	10
Persons in economic families by family structure and presence and age of children^{Footnote 6}	13,065	12,995	2,305	17.7	10,685	75
Couple family	10,750	10,710	1,200	11.2	9,510	45
Couple only	3,195	3,195	350	11.0	2,840	10
Couple with children	7,380	7,345	820	11.2	6,525	40
With children under 18 years	6,035	6,000	750	12.5	5,250	35
Without children under 6 years	3,800	3,780	260	6.9	3,520	25
With children under 6 years	2,230	2,220	490	22.1	1,730	10
Couple with other relatives only	175	170	25	14.7	145	0
Lone-parent family	2,035	2,020	1,015	50.2	1,005	15
Female-parent family	1,655	1,645	865	52.6	775	10
Female-parent family with no other relatives	1,610	1,600	830	51.9	775	0
With children under 18 years	1,355	1,350	740	54.8	610	0
Without children under 6 years	585	585	280	47.9	300	0
With children under 6 years	765	765	460	60.1	310	0
Male-parent family	380	375	150	40.0	225	10
Male-parent family with no other relatives	360	360	135	37.5	225	0
With children under 18 years	285	285	125	43.9	160	0
Without children under 6 years	220	220	85	38.6	135	0
With children under 6 years	65	70	45	64.3	20	0
Other economic family^{Footnote 7}	280	265	85	32.1	175	15
Persons not in economic families aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 8}	2,290	2,290	675	29.5	1,615	0
Less than 65 years	1,685	1,685	525	31.2	1,165	0
65 years and over	605	605	155	25.6	450	0
Total children in economic families^{Footnote 9}	4,915	4,880	1,065	21.8	3,820	35
Under 6 years	1,085	1,080	405	37.5	675	0
6 to 14 years	1,865	1,855	440	23.7	1,420	15
15 to 17 years	765	755	110	14.6	645	0
18 to 24 years	885	880	70	8.0	810	10
25 years and over	320	310	40	12.9	265	10
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	15,360	15,285	2,980	19.5	12,305	80
Total persons in households with at least one census family	13,110	13,035	2,320	17.8	10,720	75
Married spouses, common-law partners	7,040	7,015	755	10.8	6,260	25
Lone parents	870	860	405	47.1	460	10
Children in families with two parents present	3,430	3,415	415	12.2	3,000	15
Children in families with one parent present	1,345	1,330	635	47.7	690	15
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	315	305	70	23.0	230	10
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	115	115	0	0.0	80	0
Total persons in non-census family households	2,250	2,245	660	29.4	1,590	0
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	75	70	20	28.6	50	0
Living with non-relatives only	485	480	145	30.2	340	0
Living alone	1,695	1,695	495	29.2	1,200	0
Total population in private households by citizenship^{Footnote 13}	15,360	15,285	2,975	19.5	12,305	80
Canadian citizens	14,955	14,880	2,875	19.3	12,005	75
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,790	3,770	965	25.6	2,805	25
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,165	11,110	1,905	17.1	9,205	55
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 14}	400	405	105	25.9	300	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 15}	15,360	15,280	2,975	19.5	12,310	75
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 16}	13,825	13,750	2,760	20.1	10,995	80
Immigrants^{Footnote 17}	1,490	1,490	180	12.1	1,305	0
Before 1971	715	715	70	9.8	650	0
1971 to 1980	285	285	35	12.3	250	0
1981 to 1990	160	160	0	0.0	155	0
1991 to 2000	130	135	20	14.8	115	0
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 18}	185	190	50	26.3	140	0
2001 to 2005	90	95	0	0.0	85	0
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 19}	100	95	45	47.4	50	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 20}	45	45	40	88.9	0	0
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^{Footnote 21}	1,490	1,485	180	12.1	1,305	0
Under 5 years	175	175	30	17.1	145	0
5 to 14 years	320	320	25	7.8	295	0
15 to 24 years	420	420	60	14.3	360	0
25 to 44 years	490	495	50	10.1	445	0
45 years and over	80	85	0	0.0	65	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 22}	15,360	15,285	2,980	19.5	12,305	80
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 23}	13,830	13,750	2,755	20.0	10,995	75
Born in province of residence	10,430	10,355	2,335	22.5	8,020	80
Born outside province of residence	3,400	3,400	430	12.6	2,970	0
Immigrants^{Footnote 24}	1,485	1,485	180	12.1	1,305	0
Americas	180	180	25	13.9	160	0
United States	155	155	15	9.7	135	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	25	0	0.0	20	0
Europe	905	905	115	12.7	790	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 25}	230	225	50	22.2	175	0
Italy	70	70	0	0.0	65	0
Germany	140	140	0	0.0	130	0
Poland	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Portugal	250	250	20	8.0	230	0
Netherlands	40	40	0	0.0	30	0
France	25	30	0	0.0	30	0
Romania	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Hungary	15	15	0	0.0	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	20	20	0	0.0	20	0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	70	0	0.0	55	0
Africa	60	60	0	0.0	60	0
Morocco	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	45	0	0.0	45	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Asia	310	310	40	12.9	270	0
India	180	185	25	13.5	150	0
China^{Footnote 26}	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Philippines	60	55	0	0.0	50	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 27}	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 28}	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 29}	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 30}	30	30	0	0.0	25	0
Fiji	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 31}	30	25	0	0.0	25	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 32}	45	45	35	77.8	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 33}	15,360	15,280	2,975	19.5	12,305	80
First generation^{Footnote 34}	1,550	1,550	220	14.2	1,330	0
Second generation^{Footnote 35}	2,655	2,655	395	14.9	2,260	0
Third generation or more^{Footnote 36}	11,155	11,080	2,365	21.3	8,715	75
Total population in private households by visible minority^{Footnote 37}	15,360	15,285	2,975	19.5	12,305	80
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 38}	710	710	155	21.8	555	0
South Asian^{Footnote 39}	385	385	85	22.1	295	0
Chinese	75	75	0	0.0	75	0
Black	15	20	0	0.0	20	0
Filipino	130	125	40	32.0	90	0
Latin American	25	30	15	50.0	15	0
Arab	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 40}	15	20	0	0.0	15	0
West Asian^{Footnote 41}	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Japanese	35	35	0	0.0	25	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 42}	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 43}	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 44}	14,645	14,570	2,820	19.4	11,750	80
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	15,360	15,280	2,975	19.5	12,305	75
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 45}	3,230	3,155	1,255	39.8	1,900	75
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 46}	2,645	2,565	1,140	44.4	1,430	75
Métis single identity	435	430	85	19.8	345	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	25	25	0	0.0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 47}	35	35	0	0.0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 48}	95	95	0	0.0	85	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	12,130	12,130	1,720	14.2	10,405	0
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 49}	15,360	15,285	2,980	19.5	12,305	75
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 50}	2,200	2,125	930	43.8	1,190	75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,165	13,160	2,045	15.5	11,115	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 51}	15,360	15,280	2,975	19.5	12,305	80
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 52}	3,035	2,965	1,010	34.1	1,955	70
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 53}	2,625	2,555	945	37.0	1,610	70
Métis ancestry	385	385	65	16.9	320	0
Inuit ancestry	65	60	0	0.0	65	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 54}	12,325	12,315	1,965	16.0	10,355	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 55}	15,360	15,280	2,975	19.5	12,305	80
English	13,585	13,520	2,705	20.0	10,810	70
French	285	285	25	8.8	260	0
Non-official language	1,315	1,310	190	14.5	1,120	10
Aboriginal	95	85	50	58.8	40	10
Non-Aboriginal	1,220	1,220	135	11.1	1,085	0
English and French	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
English and non-official language	155	150	55	36.7	100	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 56}	15,360	15,285	2,980	19.5	12,305	75
English	15,055	14,980	2,940	19.6	12,040	75
French	260	265	30	11.3	230	0
English and French	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Neither English nor French	30	30	0	0.0	30	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 57}	15,155	15,075	2,900	19.2	12,185	80
Non-movers	12,725	12,650	1,950	15.4	10,700	70
Movers	2,435	2,430	945	38.9	1,485	10
Non-migrants	1,765	1,765	705	39.9	1,055	0
Migrants	665	665	245	36.8	425	0
Internal migrants	600	595	200	33.6	400	0
Intraprovincial migrants	475	470	155	33.0	320	0
Interprovincial migrants	125	120	50	41.7	75	0
External migrants	70	70	40	57.1	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 58}	14,445	14,365	2,635	18.3	11,730	75
Non-movers	8,410	8,345	1,065	12.8	7,280	65
Movers	6,030	6,020	1,570	26.1	4,450	10
Non-migrants	3,800	3,795	860	22.7	2,940	0
Migrants	2,230	2,225	705	31.7	1,515	10
Internal migrants	2,020	2,010	620	30.8	1,390	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,575	1,570	525	33.4	1,045	10
Interprovincial migrants	445	445	100	22.5	345	0
External migrants	210	215	90	41.9	125	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 59}	12,325	12,260	2,105	17.2	10,155	60
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,965	2,935	720	24.5	2,220	30
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 60}	3,235	3,220	585	18.2	2,635	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 61}	6,125	6,105	805	13.2	5,305	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 62}	1,685	1,675	280	16.7	1,395	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,520	2,515	380	15.1	2,135	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 63}	485	485	85	17.5	400	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,435	1,435	55	3.8	1,375	0
Bachelor's degree	1,010	1,005	40	4.0	965	0
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 64}	420	420	15	3.6	410	0
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 65}	8,235	8,195	1,530	18.7	6,665	40
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,310	1,300	455	35.0	845	15
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 66}	2,160	2,155	440	20.4	1,715	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 67}	4,760	4,740	635	13.4	4,110	15
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 68}	1,245	1,240	225	18.1	1,010	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,965	1,965	295	15.0	1,665	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 69}	345	345	65	18.8	280	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,200	1,200	45	3.8	1,150	0
Bachelor's degree	830	830	35	4.2	800	0
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 70}	370	365	10	2.7	355	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 71}	12,320	12,265	2,105	17.2	10,155	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 72}	6,195	6,155	1,305	21.2	4,855	40
Education	585	580	35	6.0	550	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	135	130	20	15.4	110	0
Humanities	215	210	0	0.0	200	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	395	395	80	20.3	315	0
Business, management and public administration	1,270	1,265	180	14.2	1,085	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	175	0	0.0	165	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	135	0	0.0	130	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,570	1,560	185	11.9	1,385	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	295	35	11.9	260	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 73}	760	755	105	13.9	650	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	595	595	130	21.8	465	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 74}	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^{Footnote 75}	12,325	12,260	2,100	17.1	10,160	65
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,195	6,155	1,300	21.1	4,850	40
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,125	6,105	805	13.2	5,305	20
Location of study inside Canada	5,715	5,690	750	13.2	4,945	20
Same as province or territory of residence	4,730	4,710	680	14.4	4,030	20
Another province or territory	985	980	65	6.6	910	0
Location of study outside Canada	420	415	55	13.3	360	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 76}	12,325	12,260	2,105	17.2	10,160	65
In the labour force	8,145	8,115	1,050	12.9	7,065	30
Employed	7,500	7,475	855	11.4	6,615	25
Unemployed	645	640	190	29.7	450	10
Not in the labour force	4,180	4,145	1,055	25.5	3,090	30
Participation rate	66.1	66.2	49.9	not applicable ...	69.5	46.2
Employment rate	60.9	61.0	40.6	not applicable ...	65.1	38.5
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.9	18.1	not applicable ...	6.4	33.3
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by class of worker^{Footnote 77}	12,320	12,260	2,105	17.2	10,160	65
Class of worker - not applicable^{Footnote 78}	3,445	3,410	895	26.2	2,515	35
All classes of worker^{Footnote 79}	8,880	8,850	1,210	13.7	7,640	30
Employee	8,090	8,060	1,040	12.9	7,025	30
Self-employed^{Footnote 80}	785	790	170	21.5	615	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 81}	12,320	12,260	2,105	17.2	10,155	60
Occupation - not applicable^{Footnote 82}	3,445	3,410	895	26.2	2,520	30
All occupations^{Footnote 83}	8,880	8,850	1,210	13.7	7,640	30
0 Management occupations	740	740	50	6.8	695	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,165	1,165	90	7.7	1,070	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	535	530	30	5.7	500	0
3 Health occupations	475	475	20	4.2	455	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,435	1,430	120	8.4	1,310	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	175	40	22.9	140	0
6 Sales and service occupations	2,510	2,495	625	25.1	1,870	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,295	1,285	155	12.1	1,135	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	320	315	40	12.7	275	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	235	235	40	17.0	195	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 84}	12,320	12,260	2,105	17.2	10,155	65
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 85}	3,440	3,410	895	26.2	2,515	35
All industries^{Footnote 86}	8,880	8,850	1,210	13.7	7,645	25
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	405	400	45	11.3	360	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	95	20	21.1	80	0
22 Utilities	75	75	0	0.0	70	0
23 Construction	490	490	50	10.2	440	0
31-33 Manufacturing	385	385	30	7.8	355	0
41 Wholesale trade	265	270	45	16.7	225	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,335	1,330	255	19.2	1,080	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	430	430	40	9.3	390	0
51 Information and cultural industries	165	160	25	15.6	135	0
52 Finance and insurance	205	200	0	0.0	190	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	145	25	17.2	115	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	400	395	25	6.3	375	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	275	270	50	18.5	225	0
61 Educational services	855	850	50	5.9	805	0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,170	1,165	170	14.6	995	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	140	135	0	0.0	130	0
72 Accommodation and food services	910	905	265	29.3	640	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	405	405	75	18.5	330	0
91 Public administration	725	715	30	4.2	685	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010^{Footnote 87}	12,325	12,260	2,105	17.2	10,160	60
Did not work in 2010^{Footnote 88}	3,850	3,815	1,050	27.5	2,760	35
Worked in 2010	8,475	8,450	1,055	12.5	7,395	30
1 to 13 weeks	785	785	180	22.9	600	0
14 to 26 weeks	820	820	165	20.1	655	0
27 to 39 weeks	555	550	125	22.7	425	0
40 to 48 weeks	1,515	1,510	175	11.6	1,335	0
49 to 52 weeks	4,800	4,780	400	8.4	4,380	20
Average weeks worked in 2010	41.9	41.9	35.6	not applicable ...	42.8	44.4
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010^{Footnote 89}	12,325	12,260	2,100	17.1	10,155	65
Did not work in 2010^{Footnote 90}	3,850	3,815	1,050	27.5	2,760	35
Worked in 2010	8,475	8,445	1,050	12.4	7,395	30
Worked full-time in 2010	6,170	6,150	550	8.9	5,595	20
Worked part-time in 2010	2,305	2,300	500	21.7	1,800	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 2

Low income can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT).

For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household.

All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status.

Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006.

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Footnote 3

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting or fishing) could have made the interpretation of low-income rates more difficult.

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Footnote 4

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 6

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 7

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 8

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

Persons in the economic family other than the economic family reference person are classified as the married spouse or the common-law partner of the reference person, children of the reference person (including grandchildren), or other economic family members (including foster children). Children of the reference person may be of any age or marital status.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 14

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 15

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 16

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 17

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 18

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 20

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 21

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 22

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 23

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 24

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Footnote 25

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 26

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 27

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 28

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 29

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 30

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 31

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 32

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 33

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 34

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 35

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 36

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 37

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 38

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 39

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 40

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 41

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 42

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 43

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 44

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 45

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 46

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 47

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 49

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Footnote 50

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian. 'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 51

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 52

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 53

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Footnote 54

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 56

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 57

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 58

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 59

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 60

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 61

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 62

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 63

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

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Footnote 64

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 65

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Footnote 66

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 67

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Footnote 68

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Footnote 69

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Footnote 70

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Footnote 71

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 72

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 73

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 74

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 75

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 76

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 77

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 78

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 79

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 80

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 81

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 82

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 83

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Footnote 84

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 85

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 86

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Footnote 87

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

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Footnote 89

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011043.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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